ATI RN
Human Growth and Development Final Exam
1. In an experiment, the independent variable __________.
- A. is the one the investigator expects to be influenced by another variable
- B. is the one the investigator expects to cause changes in another variable
- C. cannot be manipulated or controlled by the researcher
- D. is the number that describes how two measures are associated with each other
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In an experiment, the independent variable is the one that the investigator expects to cause changes in another variable. It is the factor that is deliberately manipulated or changed by the researcher to observe its effects on the dependent variable. The purpose of manipulating the independent variable is to study its impact on the outcome, allowing researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships in their investigations. Choice A is incorrect because the independent variable is not influenced but rather influences another variable. Choice C is incorrect as the independent variable is intentionally manipulated by the researcher. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to a different concept unrelated to the independent variable in an experiment.
2. How does genetic predisposition influence mental health?
- A. Genetic predisposition guarantees the development of mental disorders.
- B. Genetic predisposition plays a role but is not the sole determinant of mental health.
- C. Genetic predisposition does not influence mental health.
- D. Genetic predisposition determines mental health without exception.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Genetic predisposition indeed plays a significant role in influencing mental health by increasing the risk of developing certain disorders. However, it is crucial to note that it is not the sole determinant. Mental health is also influenced by various environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and individual experiences. Option A is incorrect because genetic predisposition does not guarantee the development of mental disorders; it only predisposes individuals to a higher risk. Option C is incorrect as genetic predisposition does have an influence on mental health. Option D is incorrect because mental health is a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and other factors.
3. Which of the following would be an expected nutritional outcome for a client who has undergone a subtotal gastrectomy for cancer?
- A. Regain weight loss within 1 month after surgery
- B. Resume normal dietary intake of three meals per day
- C. Control nausea and vomiting through regular use of antiemetics
- D. Achieve optimal nutritional status through oral or parenteral feedings
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Achieving optimal nutritional status through oral or parenteral feedings is an expected nutritional outcome for a client who has undergone a subtotal gastrectomy for cancer.
4. In which situation(s) can personal health information be disclosed?
- A. Compliance with legal proceedings
- B. For research purposes in limited circumstances
- C. To a family member or significant other in an emergency
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Personal health information can be disclosed in various situations. Compliance with legal proceedings allows for disclosure under specific legal requirements. Disclosure for research purposes is permitted in limited circumstances with appropriate approvals. In emergencies, information can be shared with family members or significant others. Therefore, all of the choices are correct as they represent valid scenarios for disclosing personal health information.
5. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. Canned soup.
- B. Lean cuts of beef.
- C. Bananas.
- D. Baked chicken.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Canned soup. Canned soups are usually high in sodium, which can increase blood pressure and should be avoided by clients with hypertension. Lean cuts of beef, bananas, and baked chicken are healthier options for individuals with hypertension as they are lower in sodium and can be included in a balanced diet to manage blood pressure levels.
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