how do socioeconomic factors influence mental health

ATI RN

Psychology 101 Final Exam

1. How do socioeconomic factors influence mental health?

A. Socioeconomic factors have no impact on mental health.
B. Socioeconomic factors are the primary determinants of mental health.
C. Socioeconomic factors are irrelevant to mental health.
D. Socioeconomic factors can exacerbate but not cause mental health issues.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Socioeconomic factors are indeed primary determinants of mental health. These factors influence mental health by impacting access to resources, stress levels, and overall well-being. Choice A is incorrect as socioeconomic factors do have a significant impact on mental health. Choice C is incorrect as socioeconomic factors play a crucial role in mental health outcomes. Choice D is incorrect as socioeconomic factors can both exacerbate and cause mental health issues.

2. What are the potential effects of childhood trauma on adult behavior?

A. Childhood trauma is typically overcome by adulthood.
B. Childhood trauma can have long-lasting effects on adult behavior.
C. Childhood trauma has minimal impact on adult behavior.
D. Childhood trauma is easily overcome with age.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Childhood trauma can have profound and lasting effects on behavior and mental health in adulthood. It can lead to various issues such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, and difficulties in forming relationships. Choice A is incorrect because childhood trauma doesn't automatically disappear with age. Choice C is incorrect as research shows that childhood trauma can significantly impact adult behavior. Choice D is incorrect as overcoming childhood trauma is usually a complex and challenging process that may require therapy and support.

3. Barney helps his younger brother, who has just learned to cycle on his own, to navigate narrow roads and sharp turns. Vygotsky will refer to this as ________?

A. Microsystem
B. Macrosystem
C. Mesosystem
D. Exosystem

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, where Barney is assisting his younger brother in navigating narrow roads and sharp turns, Vygotsky would refer to this as an example of the 'mesosystem.' The mesosystem involves the interactions between different systems in a child's environment, such as family and peers. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect: A) Microsystem refers to the immediate environment where the child lives, like home and school; B) Macrosystem encompasses the larger cultural context; D) Exosystem involves external settings that indirectly influence the child.

4. Which of the following views is most consistent with the notion that unconscious motivations can influence our overt behavior?

A. Carl Rogers.
B. Wilhelm Wundt.
C. B.F. Skinner.
D. Sigmund Freud.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Sigmund Freud. Freud's psychoanalytic theory emphasized the impact of unconscious motivations on behavior. Carl Rogers (choice A) is known for person-centered therapy emphasizing self-actualization, Wilhelm Wundt (choice B) is a structuralist in psychology focusing on consciousness, and B.F. Skinner (choice C) is associated with behaviorism and operant conditioning, which do not primarily focus on unconscious motivations.

5. Which field of psychology studies attitude change and group behavior?

A. Developmental psychology
B. Social psychology
C. Psychoanalysis
D. Psychometrics

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Social psychology. Social psychology specifically focuses on studying topics like attitude change and group behavior. Developmental psychology (Choice A) primarily deals with human growth and development across the lifespan. Psychoanalysis (Choice C) is a theoretical approach to psychology developed by Sigmund Freud focusing on the unconscious mind and childhood experiences. Psychometrics (Choice D) involves the measurement of psychological variables such as intelligence, personality traits, and abilities.