Nursing Elites

1. Homeostasis exists if concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen in the body and heat and pressure __________.

• A. decrease steadily
• B. remain within certain limited ranges
• C. increase when the body is stressed
• D. fluctuate greatly between very high and low values

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes. To achieve this balance, concentrations of essential substances must remain within specific ranges. Choice A is incorrect because decreasing concentrations would not maintain stability. Choice C is incorrect as increasing concentrations when the body is stressed would disrupt homeostasis. Choice D is incorrect as fluctuating greatly between high and low values would also not support the body's stability. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it aligns with the concept of homeostasis by emphasizing the need for stability within certain limits.

2. Is the elbow distal to the wrist?

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is False. In anatomical terms, 'distal' means farther away from the center of the body or the point of attachment. The elbow is proximal to the wrist because it is closer to the center of the body. Therefore, the statement that the elbow is distal to the wrist is incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because the elbow is not distal to the wrist. Choice C is incorrect as the anatomical relationship between the elbow and wrist can be determined. Choice D is incorrect as there is a definitive answer to this anatomical question.

3. The origin of the term 'anatomy' is related to

• A. the Greek word for 'function.'
• B. the name of the first anatomist.
• C. the Greek word for 'cutting up.'
• D. the function of internal organs.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: the Greek word for 'cutting up.' The term 'anatomy' originates from the Greek words 'ana' (up) and 'temnein' (to cut), which means 'cutting up' or 'dissection.' This term refers to the process of dissecting bodies to study their structure. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because 'anatomy' is not related to the Greek word for 'function,' the name of the first anatomist, or the function of internal organs, but rather to the act of cutting up for study and examination.

4. Which of the following substances is involved in the destruction of ingested pathogens?

• A. lymphatic fluid
• B. stomach acid
• C. bicarbonate
• D. lipase

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is stomach acid. Stomach acid, also known as gastric acid, plays a crucial role in destroying ingested pathogens due to its high acidity. The low pH of stomach acid helps to kill bacteria and other pathogens that may be present in the food we consume. Lymphatic fluid is involved in immune function and fat absorption, not pathogen destruction. Bicarbonate is a base that neutralizes stomach acid to prevent damage to the stomach lining. Lipase is an enzyme that aids in the digestion of fats but is not involved in pathogen destruction.

5. Is the following statement true: The anatomical position is lying down, as a cadaver would be positioned?

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is False. The anatomical position is a standardized way of describing the human body's orientation in a consistent manner. The anatomical position is standing upright, facing forward, with the arms at the sides and palms facing forward. This position serves as a reference point for anatomical descriptions and directional terms. Therefore, the statement that the anatomical position is lying down, as a cadaver would be positioned, is incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because the anatomical position is not lying down. Choices C and D are also incorrect as there is a definitive answer to the question.

Similar Questions