Nursing Elites

1. Each statement is true of water-soluble vitamins, except one. Which is it?

• A. Act as coenzymes
• B. Deficiencies develop rapidly
• C. Daily intake is necessary
• D. Absorbed in the jejunum

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Water-soluble vitamins do not develop deficiencies rapidly because the body does not store them for long periods. They must be obtained through food constantly. Choice A is correct because water-soluble vitamins often act as coenzymes in various metabolic reactions. Choice C is correct as daily intake of water-soluble vitamins is necessary since they are not stored in the body. Choice D is incorrect as water-soluble vitamins are absorbed primarily in the small intestine, particularly in the duodenum and ileum, not the jejunum.

2. Which type of drug is most likely to cause unintentional weight gain?

• A. Antiemetics
• B. Sedatives
• C. Corticosteroids
• D. Antibiotics

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Corticosteroids are most likely to cause unintentional weight gain. They influence the metabolism and fat distribution in the body, leading to weight gain. On the other hand, antiemetics are drugs that are used to prevent nausea and vomiting, and they do not typically cause weight gain. Sedatives, while they can cause drowsiness and may lead to less physical activity, are not directly associated with weight gain. Lastly, antibiotics are used to fight bacteria and while they can cause temporary digestive issues, they do not typically result in long-term weight gain.

3. A nurse is assessing the nutritional status of an infant who is 6 months old. The infant weighed 2.7 kg at birth. Which of the following indicates to the nurse that the infant is within the expected range?

• A. 5.5 kg
• B. 6.4 kg
• C. 4.5 kg
• D. 3.6 kg

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, 6.4 kg. An infant's weight should approximately double by 6 months. In this case, starting from a birth weight of 2.7 kg, a weight of 6.4 kg at 6 months indicates normal growth. Choice A (5.5 kg) is below the expected range for a 6-month-old infant. Choices C (4.5 kg) and D (3.6 kg) are also below the expected weight gain, indicating inadequate growth.

4. Which nutrient is most important for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects?

• A. Iron
• B. Folate
• C. Calcium
• D. Vitamin D

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Folate (or folic acid) is crucial for the prevention of neural tube defects during pregnancy.

5. A nurse is discussing denture care with the partner of a client who is unable to perform oral hygiene. Which of the following should be included in the discussion?

• A. Floss dentures as part of daily cleaning.
• B. Wipe dentures before storing them in a dry container at night.
• C. Wrap gloved fingers with gauze to remove dentures.
• D. Use a washcloth to clean the denture surfaces.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Wrap gloved fingers with gauze to remove dentures.' This method provides a safe and effective way to remove dentures without causing damage. Choice A is incorrect because flossing dentures is not recommended. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests wiping dentures and storing them dry, which is not the best practice. Choice D is incorrect because using a washcloth may not effectively clean all denture surfaces.

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