Nursing Elites

1. Dr. Langley's work is devoted to understanding constancy and change throughout the lifespan. Dr. Langley's field of study is __________.

• A. genetics
• B. clinical psychology
• C. adolescent development
• D. developmental science

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Dr. Langley's work being focused on understanding constancy and change throughout the lifespan aligns with the field of developmental science, which studies how individuals grow and change from birth through old age. This field encompasses the study of physical, cognitive, social, emotional, and other aspects of development across the lifespan. Choice A, genetics, primarily focuses on the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation, which is not directly related to understanding constancy and change throughout the lifespan. Choice B, clinical psychology, concentrates on the diagnosis and treatment of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders rather than the broader study of development across the lifespan. Choice C, adolescent development, is more specific and limited in scope compared to the comprehensive study of development across the entire lifespan, which is the focus of developmental science.

2. According to __________ theory, children learn primarily through modeling.

• A. reinforcement
• B. operant conditioning
• C. social learning
• D. classical conditioning

Correct answer: C

Rationale: According to social learning theory, children primarily learn through modeling, observation, and imitation of others. This theory emphasizes the importance of cognitive processes in learning, as opposed to only focusing on direct reinforcement or punishment. Social learning theory was developed by psychologist Albert Bandura and is a key theory in the field of child development. Choice A, reinforcement, is incorrect as it refers to the process of strengthening a behavior through rewards or punishments. Choice B, operant conditioning, is also incorrect as it is a learning process that involves reinforcement and punishment to shape behavior. Choice D, classical conditioning, is not the correct answer as it involves learning through association between stimuli.

3. Swaddling newborns __________.

• A. increases crying
• B. hinders early motor development
• C. promotes an insecure attachment relationship
• D. restricts movement and increases warmth

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Swaddling newborns restricts their movement by wrapping them snugly in a blanket, which helps to mimic the feeling of security they had in the womb. It also helps to maintain their warmth and can promote better sleep patterns. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because swaddling does not increase crying, hinder early motor development, or promote an insecure attachment relationship. Instead, it provides comfort, warmth, and a sense of security for newborns.

4. __________ children are at risk for poor school performance, substance abuse, and antisocial behavior in adolescence and criminality in adulthood.

• A. Average
• B. Controversial
• C. Rejected
• D. Popular

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rejected children often face social difficulties that lead to negative outcomes later in life, including academic and behavioral problems. The term 'rejected' specifically refers to children who are socially excluded or shunned by their peers, leading to the mentioned negative consequences. 'Average,' 'Controversial,' and 'Popular' do not convey the same meaning and are not related to the risks mentioned in the question.

5. Developmental social neuroscience __________. Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 17 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e

• A. involves the design of flowcharts to map the precise steps individuals use to complete tasks
• B. emphasizes that preschoolers’ thinking is full of faulty logic because they engage in hands-on exploration
• C. is devoted to studying the relationship between changes in the brain and emotional and social development
• D. involves the study of brain activity and the individual’s linear and logical cognitive processing patterns Answer: C Page Ref: 20 Skill Level: Understand Topic: Recent Theoretical Perspectives Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Developmental social neuroscience is dedicated to examining the connection between changes in the brain and emotional and social development. This field of study focuses on how the brain's development influences an individual's social and emotional behavior. By studying brain activity alongside emotional and social development, researchers can gain insights into how these aspects are interrelated and how they impact one another.

Similar Questions