Nursing Elites

1. Dental hygienists are in a key position to assess and detect signs and symptoms of systemic disease because more than one third of the patients treated in a dental office frequently do not interact with a general health care provider.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Dental hygienists often see patients more regularly than general healthcare providers, allowing them to identify systemic issues early.

2. Each of the following foods has cariostatic properties, with one exception. Which food is the exception?

• A. Eggs
• B. Instant oatmeal
• C. Cheese
• D. Seafood

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cariostatic foods are those that contribute to the prevention of tooth decay. Eggs, cheese, and seafood are all cariostatic foods, as they can aid in protecting against tooth decay. On the contrary, instant oatmeal does not possess these cariostatic properties. Due to its processed nature, it is more fermentable and cariogenic, which means it can encourage cavity formation. Although it is not directly harmful to the teeth, it does not provide the same defensive benefits against tooth decay as the other choices do. Therefore, 'Instant oatmeal' is the exception among these foods and is the correct answer.

3. A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition. The nurse should include that which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein?

• A. Soybeans
• B. Grains
• C. Legumes
• D. Green vegetables

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Soybeans are a good source of high-quality protein. They contain all the essential amino acids needed by the body. Grains, legumes, and green vegetables do not provide as much high-quality protein as soybeans. Grains and legumes are good sources of protein but may lack some essential amino acids, while green vegetables generally have lower protein content compared to soybeans.

4. Which strategy would most likely help alleviate some of the nausea that a 10-week pregnant woman experiences every morning, preventing her from eating breakfast?

• A. Increase intake of dairy products, including yogurt and ice cream
• B. Maintain an upright position while eating
• C. Opt for foods that are high in fiber
• D. Consume small, frequent meals when hunger strikes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Consume small, frequent meals when hunger strikes.' This strategy is ideal for managing morning sickness because it prevents the stomach from becoming too empty, which can exacerbate nausea. Option A may not be helpful because dairy products can sometimes worsen nausea. Option B is not the most effective solution as the sitting position does not directly impact nausea levels. Option C, while generally beneficial for digestion and overall health, does not specifically address the issue of pregnancy-related nausea.

5. Dina, 17 years old, asks you how a tubal ligation prevents pregnancy. Which would be the best answer?

• A. Prostaglandins released from the cut fallopian tubes can kill sperm
• B. Sperm cannot enter the uterus because the cervical entrance is blocked
• C. Sperm can no longer reach the ova, because the fallopian tubes are blocked
• D. The ovary no longer releases ova as there is nowhere for them to go

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Sperm can no longer reach the ova because the fallopian tubes are blocked.' Tubal ligation works by blocking the fallopian tubes, preventing sperm from reaching the egg for fertilization. Choice A is incorrect because prostaglandins are not released from the cut fallopian tubes to kill sperm. Choice B is incorrect as the cervical entrance being blocked does not relate to tubal ligation. Choice D is incorrect because tubal ligation does not affect the release of ova from the ovary.

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