Nursing Elites

1. Cyanocobalamin is a form of which vitamin?

• A. Vitamin B1
• B. Vitamin B2
• C. Vitamin B3
• D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cyanocobalamin is a synthetic form of Vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is essential for various bodily functions, including red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. It is not to be confused with Vitamin B1, B2, or B3, which are separate vitamins with different roles in the body.

2. Which gluten-free food choice would be most appropriate for a patient with celiac disease?

• A. Scalloped potatoes
• B. Oatmeal
• C. Eggs
• D. Tortillas

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Eggs are a safe food choice for individuals with celiac disease as they are naturally gluten-free. Scalloped potatoes often contain flour in the sauce, which might contain gluten. Oatmeal can be a subject of debate due to possible cross-contamination during processing, so it might not be safe unless labeled gluten-free. Tortillas are typically made from wheat flour containing gluten, but gluten-free versions are available. However, eggs are universally gluten-free, making them the best choice for individuals with celiac disease.

3. Which mineral-containing amino acids help to form the shape of proteins?

• A. phosphorus
• B. sulfur
• C. selenium
• D. iron

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: sulfur. Sulfur-containing amino acids like cysteine and methionine play a crucial role in forming disulfide bonds within proteins. These bonds are essential for the proper folding and structural stability of proteins. Phosphorus (choice A), selenium (choice C), and iron (choice D) do not directly contribute to shaping proteins through bond formation.

4. What is the movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to one of higher solute concentration called?

• A. Hypodipsia
• B. Hypernatremia
• C. Hypokalemia
• D. Osmosis

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Osmosis. Osmosis is the process where water moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. This movement equalizes the solute concentration in intracellular and extracellular fluids. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not describe the movement of water based on solute concentration levels.

5. Which foods should be avoided on a low-potassium diet? (SATA)

• A. Bananas
• B. A, C
• C. Sweet potatoes
• D. Frozen corn

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Bananas, sweet potatoes, and orange juice are high in potassium.

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