a nurse is caring for a client following a cva and observes the client experiencing severe dysphagia the nurse notifies the provider which of the foll

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition

1. A nurse is caring for a client following a CVA and observes the client experiencing severe dysphagia. The nurse notifies the provider. Which of the following nutritional therapies will likely be prescribed?

A. NPO until dysphagia subsides
B. Supplements via nasogastric tube
C. Initiation of total parenteral nutrition
D. Soft residue diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In the scenario of severe dysphagia following a CVA, the client may have difficulty swallowing and require alternative nutritional support. Providing supplements via a nasogastric tube allows for the delivery of essential nutrients directly into the stomach, bypassing the swallowing difficulties. NPO (nothing by mouth) until dysphagia subsides may be too restrictive for the client's nutritional needs. Initiation of total parenteral nutrition is usually reserved for cases where enteral feeding is not possible or contraindicated. A soft residue diet may not be suitable for a client experiencing severe dysphagia.

2. For a patient with celiac disease, which dietary modification is necessary?

A. Increase protein intake
B. Avoid gluten
C. Increase dairy intake
D. Avoid lactose

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid gluten. Patients with celiac disease have an immune reaction to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Therefore, it is crucial for individuals with celiac disease to avoid gluten-containing products. Increasing protein intake (Choice A) is not specifically necessary for celiac disease management. Increasing dairy intake (Choice C) is unrelated to the dietary requirements of individuals with celiac disease. Avoiding lactose (Choice D) is relevant for individuals with lactose intolerance, not celiac disease. Therefore, the only necessary modification for a patient with celiac disease is to avoid gluten.

3. Where is Vitamin E commonly found?

A. produced by bacteria in the GI tract
B. synthesized by the body through sunlight exposure
C. associated with beriberi deficiency
D. present in vegetable oils

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Vitamin E is an antioxidant commonly found in sources like vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and green leafy vegetables. It plays a crucial role in protecting cells from damage. Choices A and B are incorrect as Vitamin E is not produced by bacteria in the GI tract nor synthesized by sunlight exposure. Choice C is incorrect as beriberi is a deficiency of Vitamin B1 (thiamine), not Vitamin E.

4. Nutrients that may help decrease high blood pressure levels include:

A. magnesium and sodium
B. protein and monounsaturated fat
C. calcium and potassium
D. dietary fiber and plant sterols

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Calcium and potassium play vital roles in regulating blood pressure, with potassium helping to balance the negative effects of sodium.

5. What is the most effective way to limit the number of microorganisms in the hospital?

A. Using strict aseptic technique in all procedures
B. Wearing a mask and gown when caring for all patients with communicable diseases
C. Sterilizing all instruments
D. Handwashing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most effective way to limit the number of microorganisms in the hospital is by using strict aseptic technique in all procedures. This approach ensures that the risk of introducing harmful microorganisms into the hospital environment or patients is minimized. Choice B, wearing a mask and gown when caring for patients with communicable diseases, is important but not as comprehensive as using aseptic technique in all procedures. Sterilizing all instruments (Choice C) is crucial for preventing infections but may not address all avenues of microorganism transmission. Handwashing (Choice D) is a fundamental practice in infection control but alone may not be as effective as utilizing aseptic techniques in all procedures to limit microorganisms in the hospital.