ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. Begins carb digestion in the mouth:
- A. pepsin
- B. salivary amylase
- C. CCK
- D. secretin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Salivary amylase is the enzyme that begins the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth by breaking down starches into simpler sugars.
2. Furosemide (Lasix) is a drug used to _____.
- A. activate vitamin D
- B. stimulate appetite
- C. lower cholesterol
- D. mobilize fluids
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide is a diuretic that helps mobilize fluids by increasing urine output, often used to treat conditions like edema and heart failure.
3. The nurse is caring for a client with rheumatoid arthritis one day after shoulder surgery. What would prompt the nurse to call the provider immediately?
- A. The client refused her pain medication this morning and is doing physical therapy.
- B. The client reports a minor headache and states she takes an over-the-counter pain pill at home.
- C. The client reports intermittent flatus and minor abdominal discomfort.
- D. The client has paresthesia in her fingers and intense increasing pain in her shoulder.
Correct answer: The client has paresthesia in her fingers and intense increasing pain in her shoulder.
Rationale: In a client with rheumatoid arthritis one day after shoulder surgery, paresthesia in the fingers and intense increasing pain in the shoulder could indicate nerve compression or damage, which are serious post-operative complications. This situation requires immediate attention from the provider to prevent further complications and ensure appropriate management. The other options, such as refusing pain medication, reporting a minor headache, or experiencing minor abdominal discomfort, are important but not as urgent or indicative of potential serious complications as paresthesia in the fingers and intense increasing pain in the shoulder.
4. A client in her first trimester of pregnancy is being taught by a nurse about over-the-counter medications that belong to pregnancy risk category B. Which of the following medications should the nurse include?
- A. Naproxen
- B. Aspirin
- C. Ibuprofen
- D. Acetaminophen
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Acetaminophen is the correct choice as it belongs to pregnancy risk category B, making it considered safe during pregnancy. Naproxen, Aspirin, and Ibuprofen are not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, as they are classified in higher-risk categories which may be harmful to the developing fetus.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who has a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Redness at the insertion site.
- B. Swelling of the arm above the insertion site.
- C. A bruised area around the insertion site.
- D. A temperature of 37.2°C (99°F).
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Swelling of the arm above the insertion site is concerning as it can indicate complications like thrombosis, which require immediate attention. Redness at the insertion site is common and expected in the initial stages. A bruised area around the insertion site may result from the insertion procedure and is usually not alarming unless it worsens or becomes larger. A temperature of 37.2°C (99°F) is within the normal range and is not directly related to PICC complications.