ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. Is it a good idea for an athlete to eliminate all fat from his diet in order to stay lean?
- A. yes, because dietary fat is stored easily in fat cells and can't be used for energy
- B. no, because fats provide energy during prolonged exercise
- C. yes, because fat is stored under the skin and causes the body to overheat
- D. no, because excess fat is converted to glycogen and stored in the muscles
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Fat is an essential energy source during prolonged exercise, so eliminating it entirely from the diet is not advisable for athletes.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a body mass index (BMI) of 30. Four weeks after nutritional counseling, which of the following evaluation findings indicates the plan of care was followed?
- A. BMI of 25
- B. Weight gain of 1.8 kg
- C. BMI of 33
- D. Weight loss of 2.7 kg
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A weight loss of 2.7 kg in four weeks indicates effective adherence to a nutritional plan aimed at reducing body mass index (BMI), moving towards a healthier weight. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because a decrease in weight, as shown in choice D, is the desired outcome when managing a client with a BMI of 30 to reach a healthier range.
3. Each statement is true of vitamin K, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Vitamin K is produced in the gut.
- B. Vitamin K functions as a catalyst for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors.
- C. Vitamin K maintains prothrombin levels.
- D. Vitamin K absorption increases with high levels of vitamin E supplementation.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Vitamin K absorption decreases with high levels of vitamin E supplementation because in larger amounts, vitamin E acts as an anticoagulant. Vitamin K is not produced in the gut but can be obtained from food sources or supplements. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors and is crucial in maintaining prothrombin levels, which is vital for proper blood clotting. The incorrect choice, D, is misleading as high levels of vitamin E supplementation hinder vitamin K absorption due to its anticoagulant properties. Dental hygienists should be aware of the importance of vitamin K in blood clotting, especially when treating patients who are on anticoagulant medications for conditions like stroke prevention.
4. Which statement indicates understanding of a low-fiber diet?
- A. I can cut up carrots and celery sticks for my lunch.
- B. I will eat a bran muffin for my mid-morning snack.
- C. I will have oatmeal with skim milk for my breakfast.
- D. I should choose canned peaches for my fruit serving.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because canned peaches are low in fiber compared to the other options provided. Option A contains high-fiber vegetables (carrots and celery), option B includes a bran muffin which is fiber-rich, and option C involves oatmeal which is also a good source of fiber. Therefore, choosing canned peaches aligns with a low-fiber diet.
5. An estimated _____ percent of persons in the United States who have HIV infection are unaware that they are infected.
- A. 4%
- B. 21%
- C. 34%
- D. 49%
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: '21%'. Approximately 21% of persons in the United States who have HIV infection are unaware that they are infected. This percentage represents a significant portion of individuals who are not aware of their HIV status, highlighting the importance of increased testing and awareness campaigns. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the estimated percentage provided in the context.