ATI RN
ATI Proctored Nutrition Exam
1. Select all that apply. You are interested in learning about the effect of eating diet soft drinks on your health. Your internet search leads you to a website with the ending .com, which tells you that diet soft drinks contain sugar alcohols that can cause harm. Which of the following actions are logical?
- A. notice if there are any ads on the page that suggest conflicts of interest
- B. read about consuming diet soft drinks in the dietary guidelines for Americans
- C. visit a more credible website and compare information
- D. all of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Logical steps include evaluating the credibility of the website, reading official guidelines, comparing information from credible sources, and verifying the author's qualifications.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a low-sodium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
- A. Pickles
- B. Fresh vegetables
- C. Canned soup
- D. Smoked salmon
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Fresh vegetables are an excellent choice for clients on a low-sodium diet as they are naturally low in sodium. Pickles, canned soup, and smoked salmon are high in sodium and should be avoided by clients following a low-sodium diet. Pickles are pickled in a brine solution high in sodium, canned soup usually contains added salt for preservation, and smoked salmon is a processed food that typically has a high sodium content.
3. What is the accumulation of fatty deposits along the walls of arteries, leading to reduced blood flow?
- A. Atherosclerosis
- B. Arteriosclerosis
- C. Aneurysm
- D. Thrombosis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Atherosclerosis is the correct answer. It refers to the buildup of fatty deposits (plaque) along the inner walls of arteries, narrowing the blood vessels and reducing blood flow. This condition can lead to serious complications such as heart attacks or strokes. Arteriosclerosis (choice B) is a broader term that refers to the thickening and hardening of the arterial walls. While related, it is not as specific as atherosclerosis in describing the fatty deposit accumulation. Aneurysm (choice C) is the abnormal bulging of an artery wall that can rupture and cause internal bleeding, not specifically related to fatty deposits. Thrombosis (choice D) is the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel, which can obstruct blood flow, but it is not directly related to the accumulation of fatty deposits.
4. A preschooler weighing 44 lb is to receive Amoxicillin 20 mg/kg/day PO divided equally every 12 hr. The available amoxicillin suspension is 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?
- A. 4 mL
- B. 5 mL
- C. 6 mL
- D. 3 mL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the dosage per administration: First, convert the weight to kg (44 lb / 2.2 lb/kg = 20 kg). Then, calculate the required dosage per dose: (20 mg/kg/day x 20 kg) / 2 (for every 12 hr dosing) = 200 mg per dose. To determine the mL per dose, divide the required dosage by the concentration of the amoxicillin suspension: (200 mg / 250 mg) x 5 mL = 4 mL per dose. Therefore, the correct answer is 4 mL. Choice B (5 mL) is incorrect because the correct calculation yields 4 mL. Choices C (6 mL) and D (3 mL) are also incorrect as they do not align with the accurate calculation based on the provided information.
5. A nurse is providing teaching about folic acid to a client who is primigravida. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should take folic acid to prevent neural tube defects in your baby.
- B. You should consume at least 400 micrograms of folic acid daily.
- C. You can increase your dietary intake of folic acid by consuming cereals and citrus fruits.
- D. You should expect improved energy levels when taking folic acid supplements.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects, and dietary sources like cereals and citrus fruits are good options to increase folic acid intake. Choice A is incorrect because folic acid is primarily recommended to prevent neural tube defects, not to prevent infections. Choice B is incorrect because the recommended daily intake of folic acid for pregnant women is at least 400 micrograms, not 300. Choice D is incorrect because folic acid is not typically associated with improving energy levels.