Nursing Elites

1. What effect does the use of a hot compress have, as explained to Ronnie who has been prescribed pain medication?

• A. It produces an anesthetic effect
• B. It increases nutrition in the blood to promote wound healing
• C. It increases oxygenation to the injured tissues for better healing
• D. It induces vasoconstriction to prevent infection

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'It produces an anesthetic effect.' Hot compresses can help alleviate pain by producing an anesthetic effect, which numbs the area. Choice B is incorrect because a hot compress does not directly increase nutrition in the blood to promote wound healing. Choice C is also incorrect because a hot compress primarily aids in pain relief rather than increasing oxygenation to the tissues for enhanced healing. Choice D is incorrect because hot compresses typically lead to vasodilation, not vasoconstriction, which aids in promoting blood flow rather than preventing infection. Safe and effective patient care relies on actions based on established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

2. Which of the following treatments is not recommended for a child classified with no dehydration?

• A. Administering 1,000 ml to 1,400 ml within 4 hours
• B. Continuing feeding
• C. Allowing the child to take as much fluid as he wants
• D. Returning the child to the doctor if the condition worsens

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Continuing feeding is a recommended treatment for a child classified with no dehydration. This helps maintain the child's nutritional status and supports recovery. Options A, C, and D are appropriate interventions for a child with no dehydration. Option A ensures adequate fluid intake, option C promotes hydration, and option D ensures appropriate follow-up if the condition worsens.

3. The stages of grieving identified by Elizabeth Kubler-Ross are:

• A. Numbness, anger, resolution and reorganization
• B. Denial, anger, identification, depression and acceptance
• C. Anger, loneliness, depression and resolution
• D. Denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

4. When assessing older adult clients for malnutrition at an adult day care center, which risk factors should the nurse consider?

• A. Dental problems
• B. Depression
• C. Both A and B
• D. Ability to prepare meals

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Both A and B. Dental problems and depression are both significant risk factors for malnutrition in older adults. Dental problems can lead to difficulty in chewing and swallowing, resulting in reduced food intake. On the other hand, depression can cause changes in appetite and decreased interest in eating, which can also contribute to malnutrition. Although the ability to prepare meals is important, it is not specifically identified as a risk factor for malnutrition within the context of this question. Therefore, choices A and B are the most appropriate answers.

5. What is the priority nursing goal for an adolescent with anorexia nervosa?

• A. Encourage effective coping skills
• B. Restore normal eating habits
• C. Stop weight loss or restore weight
• D. Promote realistic self-image

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The priority nursing goal for an adolescent with anorexia nervosa is to stop weight loss or restore weight. This is crucial in addressing the immediate health risks associated with anorexia nervosa, such as malnutrition, organ damage, and potential life-threatening complications. While encouraging effective coping skills, restoring normal eating habits, and promoting a realistic self-image are important aspects of treatment, stopping weight loss or restoring weight takes precedence due to the severe physical consequences of anorexia nervosa.

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