a patient with renal insufficiency should limit the intake of which of the following nutrients

ATI RN

Proctored Nutrition ATI

1. A patient with renal insufficiency should limit the intake of which of the following nutrients?

A. Phosphorus
B. Potassium
C. Sodium
D. Calcium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In patients with renal insufficiency, impaired kidney function can lead to difficulty in excreting phosphorus. High phosphorus levels can result in further complications such as bone and heart problems. Therefore, limiting the intake of phosphorus is crucial. Potassium and sodium restrictions may also be necessary in renal insufficiency, but the primary concern related to nutrients is phosphorus in this scenario. Calcium, while important for bone health, does not typically need to be restricted in renal insufficiency unless there is a specific medical reason to do so.

2. What is a likely effect on a patient whose lab results reveal hypoalbuminemia?

A. Infection
B. Rickets
C. Hypertension
D. Edema

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Hypoalbuminemia, which refers to low albumin levels in the blood, is often associated with edema. Albumin helps maintain oncotic pressure, which keeps fluid within blood vessels. When albumin levels are low, this pressure decreases, leading to fluid leakage from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues, resulting in edema. The other choices are less likely effects of hypoalbuminemia. Hypoalbuminemia doesn't directly cause infections (Choice A), rickets (Choice B) caused by vitamin D deficiency, or hypertension (Choice C) associated with factors like high sodium intake, obesity, and genetic predisposition.

3. The psychosocial task of a 55 year old adult client is:

A. Industry vs. Inferiority
B. Intimacy vs. Isolation
C. Integrity vs. Despair
D. Generativity vs. Stagnation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. Which statement about essential nutrients should the nurse include?

A. Fat-containing foods can help to decrease triglyceride levels.
B. Animal sources of protein contain 20 essential amino acids.
C. Carbohydrates are the primary source of fuel for muscles and the brain.
D. High-fiber foods are a good source of energy.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because carbohydrates are indeed the primary source of fuel for muscles and the brain. Choice A is incorrect because while certain fats are essential, they do not help decrease triglyceride levels. Choice B is incorrect because animal sources of protein do not contain all 20 essential amino acids. Choice D is incorrect because although high-fiber foods are important for digestion and overall health, they are not a direct source of energy.