Nursing Elites

1. While on Bryant’s traction, which of these observations of Graciela and her traction apparatus would indicate a decrease in the effectiveness of her traction?

• A. Graciela’s buttocks are resting on the bed.
• B. The traction weights are hanging 10 inches above the floor.
• C. Graciela’s legs are suspended at a 90 degree angle to her trunk.
• D. The traction ropes move freely through the pulley.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

2. What are sheets/forms that provide an efficient and time-saving way to record information that must be obtained repeatedly at regular and/or short intervals of time? This does not replace progress notes; instead, it records information on vital signs, intake and output, treatment, postoperative care, postpartum care, and diabetic regimen, etc. These are used whenever specific measurements or observations need to be documented repeatedly. What is this?

• A. Nursing Kardex
• B. Graphic Flow Sheets
• C. Discharge Summary
• D. Medicine and Treatment Record

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Nursing Kardex. Nursing Kardex is a tool used for documenting essential patient information that needs to be recorded repeatedly at regular intervals. It includes vital signs, intake and output, treatment details, postoperative care, postpartum care, and diabetic regimen. This tool is efficient and time-saving for healthcare professionals. Choice B, Graphic Flow Sheets, may be used for visual representation of patient data but is not specifically designed for repeated documentation of essential information. Choice C, Discharge Summary, is a document outlining the patient's care and condition at the time of discharge, not for repeated recording of ongoing data. Choice D, Medicine and Treatment Record, focuses more on specific medications and treatments rather than a comprehensive recording of various patient data needed at regular intervals.

3. A nurse is caring for a client with a thiamine deficiency. Which assessment findings will the nurse expect?

• A. Tachycardia, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination
• B. Swollen lips, cracks in the corners of the mouth, and glossitis
• C. Neuropsychiatric symptoms of delusions and hallucinations
• D. Scaly rash on arms, dementia, and diarrhea

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Thiamine deficiency, also known as Vitamin B1 deficiency, can present with various symptoms. Tachycardia, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination are classic signs of thiamine deficiency due to its role in energy metabolism. Swollen lips, cracks in the corners of the mouth, and glossitis are more indicative of a deficiency in riboflavin (Vitamin B2). Neuropsychiatric symptoms of delusions and hallucinations are characteristic of niacin (Vitamin B3) deficiency. A scaly rash on the arms, dementia, and diarrhea are not typically associated with thiamine deficiency. Therefore, the correct assessment findings for a client with thiamine deficiency are tachycardia, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination.

4. Select all that apply. A person who is deficient in vitamin A could consume which of the following to increase vitamin A levels?

• A. cantaloupe
• B. eggs
• C. carrots
• D. all of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Vitamin A can be found in high amounts in foods like cantaloupe, eggs, carrots, and milk, all of which help to maintain healthy vision, skin, and immune function.

5. According to the dietary reference intakes, what percentage of your daily calorie intake should ideally come from carbohydrates?

• A. 10-35%
• B. 20-35%
• C. 40-50%
• D. 45-65%

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Carbohydrates should ideally make up 45-65% of your total daily caloric intake, according to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). This range provides the necessary energy for bodily functions and activities. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they fall outside the recommended range for carbohydrate intake based on the DRIs.

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