Nursing Elites

1. A client at risk for iron-deficiency anemia is being taught by a nurse about optimizing dietary intake of iron. The nurse should explain that which of the following sources of iron is easiest for the body to absorb?

• A. Spinach
• B. Cantaloupe
• C. Chicken
• D. Lentils

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Chicken.' Chicken contains heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron found in plant-based sources like spinach, cantaloupe, and lentils. Heme iron, as present in chicken, is more bioavailable and is better absorbed by the body, making it an excellent source of iron for individuals at risk of iron-deficiency anemia. Spinach, cantaloupe, and lentils contain non-heme iron, which is not as efficiently absorbed as heme iron.

2. In cleaning the stoma, the nurse would use which of the following cleaning mediums?

• A. Hydrogen Peroxide, water and mild soap
• B. Providone Iodine, water and mild soap
• C. Alcohol, water and mild soap
• D. Mild soap and water

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. What information should a working mother who wants to continue breastfeeding her infant by occasionally pumping milk ahead of time be given to help her successfully maintain breastfeeding?

• A. Breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days
• B. Breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months
• C. Heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality
• D. Breast milk can be expressed either by hand or with an electric pump

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. This information is crucial as it informs the mother of her options for expressing milk, which is the first step in being able to store and later feed it to her child while she's away at work. Choice A has been corrected to state that breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days, providing a more accurate storage timeframe. Choice B has been revised to indicate that breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months, aligning with the recommended storage duration. Choice C now highlights that heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality, emphasizing the importance of using proper methods for warming breast milk and avoiding potential harm to the baby's health and well-being.

4. A client with a body mass index of 28 is seeking dietary advice. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Encourage the client to continue their current daily caloric intake.
• B. Recommend a total fiber intake of 12g per day.
• C. Advise the client to add 500 calories per day to their diet.
• D. Refer the client to a weight-loss support group.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Referring the client to a weight-loss support group is the most appropriate action for a client with a body mass index of 28. This action can provide the necessary support, guidance, and motivation to help the client achieve their weight loss goals. Encouraging the client to continue their current daily caloric intake (Choice A) may not address the need for weight loss. Recommending a total fiber intake of 12g per day (Choice B) is important for overall health but may not directly address weight loss. Advising the client to add 500 calories per day to their diet (Choice C) would not be beneficial for weight loss in this scenario.

5. You are to measure the client's initial blood pressure reading by doing all of the following EXCEPT:

• A. Take the blood pressure reading on both arms for comparison
• B. Listen to and identify the phases of Korotkoff sounds
• C. Pump the cuff to around 50 mmHg above the point where the pulse is obliterated
• D. Observe procedures for infection control

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When measuring blood pressure, it is crucial to follow specific steps to obtain accurate readings. Taking the blood pressure on both arms for comparison helps assess any variations. Pumping the cuff to around 50 mmHg above the point of pulse obliteration ensures accurate measurements. Observing procedures for infection control is vital to prevent the spread of infections. Listening to and identifying the phases of Korotkoff sounds are associated with auscultatory blood pressure measurements, not the initial blood pressure reading process.

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