a patient is on a low sodium diet which food item should the patient avoid

ATI RN

Nutrition ATI Test

1. A patient is on a low-sodium diet. Which food item should the patient avoid?

A. Fresh fruit
B. Canned soup
C. Whole grain bread
D. Grilled chicken

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Canned soup. Canned soup is commonly high in sodium content, which is not suitable for a patient on a low-sodium diet. Fresh fruit, whole grain bread, and grilled chicken typically have lower sodium levels and can be included in a low-sodium diet. Therefore, the patient should avoid canned soup to adhere to the requirements of a low-sodium diet.

2. Risk factors that have been shown to contribute to age-related macular degeneration include _____.

A. oxidative stress from sunlight
B. iron-deficiency anemia
C. decreased intake of phytochemicals
D. vitamin B6 malabsorption

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: oxidative stress from sunlight. Oxidative stress caused by exposure to sunlight is a significant risk factor for age-related macular degeneration. This condition can result in vision loss among older individuals. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Iron-deficiency anemia, decreased intake of phytochemicals, and vitamin B6 malabsorption are not established risk factors for age-related macular degeneration.

3. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following foods or beverages should the nurse recommend to minimize heartburn?

A. Orange juice
B. Decaffeinated coffee
C. Peppermint
D. Potatoes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Potatoes are bland and less likely to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, making them a suitable choice to minimize heartburn in clients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Orange juice and peppermint are acidic and can exacerbate GERD symptoms, while coffee, even decaffeinated, can stimulate acid production and worsen heartburn.

4. Cyanocobalamin is a form of which vitamin?

A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B2
C. Vitamin B3
D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cyanocobalamin is a synthetic form of Vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is essential for various bodily functions, including red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. It is not to be confused with Vitamin B1, B2, or B3, which are separate vitamins with different roles in the body.