ATI RN
ATI Exit Exam RN
1. A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is being taught about lifestyle changes to manage the condition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid eating small, frequent meals.
- B. Sleep with the head of your bed elevated.
- C. Lie down after eating.
- D. Avoid drinking fluids with meals.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Sleep with the head of your bed elevated.' Elevating the head of the bed helps reduce acid reflux by keeping the head higher than the stomach, preventing stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding eating small, frequent meals, lying down after eating, and drinking fluids with meals can exacerbate GERD symptoms by increasing stomach acid production and promoting acid reflux.
2. The parents of an 8-month-old infant voice concern to the nurse that their infant is not developing motor skills as the infant should. What question would be appropriate for the nurse to ask in determining if their fears are warranted?
- A. Does the infant move a toy back and forth from one hand to the other?
- B. Is the infant able to drink from a cup by oneself?
- C. Is the infant able to hold a pencil and scribble on paper?
- D. Does the infant place toys into a box or container and take them out?
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. By 8 months, an infant should be able to transfer objects between hands, which is an important motor skill milestone. This action shows coordination and developing fine motor skills. Choices B, C, and D involve more advanced motor skills that are typically not expected at 8 months of age. Drinking from a cup, holding a pencil to scribble, and engaging in purposeful play with toys are skills that develop later in infancy.
3. The client diagnosed with thalassemia, a hereditary anemia, is to receive a transfusion of packed RBCs. The cross-match reveals the presence of antibodies that cannot be cross-matched. Which precaution should the nurse implement when initiating the transfusion?
- A. Start the transfusion at 10-15 mL per hour for 15-30 minutes
- B. Re-crossmatch the blood until the antibodies are identified
- C. Have the client sign a permit to receive uncrossmatched blood
- D. Have the unlicensed nursing assistant stay with the client
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Starting the transfusion slowly at 10-15 mL per hour for 15-30 minutes is the correct precaution to implement when the cross-match reveals the presence of antibodies that cannot be cross-matched. This allows the nurse to monitor for any adverse reactions due to the presence of antibodies. Re-crossmatching the blood until the antibodies are identified is not practical and may delay the transfusion, potentially compromising the patient's condition. Having the client sign a permit to receive uncrossmatched blood is not the best course of action as the focus should be on ensuring a safe transfusion. Having an unlicensed nursing assistant stay with the client does not address the specific precaution needed to manage a transfusion in the presence of antibodies.
4. Which of the following best describes the concept of resilience in healthcare?
- A. Ability to recover quickly from setbacks
- B. Strict adherence to protocols
- C. Adapting to changing environments
- D. Maintaining consistent performance
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The concept of resilience in healthcare refers to the ability to bounce back and recover quickly from setbacks, such as adverse events, stress, or failures. This resilience allows healthcare professionals to navigate challenges effectively and continue providing quality care to patients. Choice B, strict adherence to protocols, though important, does not fully encompass the flexibility and adaptability required for resilience. Choice C, adapting to changing environments, is closely related to resilience but does not solely define it. Choice D, maintaining consistent performance, is valuable but does not capture the aspect of overcoming setbacks and bouncing back resiliently.
5. Piaget’s cognitive-developmental theory, information processing, and Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory all stress __________.
- A. nature over nurture
- B. changes in thinking
- C. unconscious motives and drives
- D. the effects of punishment and reinforcement on behavior Answer: B Page Ref: 26 Skill Level: Understand development. Topic: Comparing and Evaluating Theories Difficulty Level: Difficult
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Piaget’s cognitive-developmental theory, information processing, and Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory all stress changes in thinking. These theories focus on how cognitive abilities develop over time, emphasizing the growth and transformation of thinking processes rather than static traits or characteristics.
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