ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Quizlet
1. When teaching a client with a new prescription for Ramelteon, which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. Baked potato
- B. Fried chicken
- C. Whole-grain bread
- D. Citrus fruits
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fried chicken. High-fat foods, like fried chicken, can delay the absorption of Ramelteon. It is important for the client to avoid such foods to ensure the medication's effectiveness. Baked potato, whole-grain bread, and citrus fruits do not have a significant interaction with Ramelteon and can be consumed safely while taking the medication.
2. What is the most appropriate nursing consideration for a patient who is prescribed verapamil and digoxin?
- A. Restrict intake of oral fluids and high-fiber foods
- B. Take an apical pulse for 30 seconds before administration
- C. Notify the healthcare provider of nausea, vomiting, and visual changes
- D. Hold the medications if the heart rate is greater than 110 bpm
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When a patient is prescribed verapamil and digoxin, it is crucial to monitor for signs of digoxin toxicity due to the potential interaction between these medications. Verapamil can elevate digoxin blood serum levels, increasing the risk of toxicity. Symptoms of digoxin toxicity include nausea, vomiting, and visual changes. Therefore, the most appropriate nursing consideration is to notify the healthcare provider of these symptoms. Restricting intake of oral fluids and high-fiber foods is not a specific consideration related to this medication combination. Before administering digoxin, it is essential to take an apical pulse for a full minute, not just 30 seconds, to ensure accuracy. Additionally, holding the medications if the heart rate exceeds 110 bpm is not a typical response to the combination of verapamil and digoxin, which can cause bradycardia rather than tachycardia.
3. When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in response to an increased workload, cardiac myocardial cells will:
- A. Increase in size
- B. Decrease in length
- C. Increase in excitability
- D. Increase in number
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase in size. Cardiac hypertrophy occurs when myocardial cells increase in size to compensate for an increased workload. This adaptation allows the heart to pump more effectively. Choice B, Decrease in length, is incorrect as cardiac cells do not decrease in length in response to increased workload. Choice C, Increase in excitability, is incorrect as increased workload does not lead to an increase in excitability of cardiac cells. Choice D, Increase in number, is incorrect as cardiac cells do not increase in number but rather increase in size to handle the increased workload.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Hypertension
- C. Tachypnea
- D. Hypothermia
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tachypnea. When caring for a client with pneumonia, the nurse should expect tachypnea, which is rapid breathing. This occurs due to decreased oxygenation and lung function. Bradycardia (A) is not typically associated with pneumonia; instead, tachycardia may be present. Hypertension (B) is not a common manifestation of pneumonia; instead, hypotension may occur due to sepsis. Hypothermia (D) is not a typical finding in pneumonia; fever or an elevated temperature is more common.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer a measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine. Which is a contraindication associated with administering this vaccine?
- A. The child has recently been exposed to an infectious disease
- B. The child has symptoms of a cold but no fever
- C. The child is having intermittent episodes of diarrhea
- D. The child has a disorder that causes a deficient immune system
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A compromised immune system is a contraindication for the MMRV vaccine because it is a live attenuated vaccine and could potentially cause an infection in an immunocompromised child.
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