ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Test Bank
1. What is the therapeutic use of Phenytoin?
- A. Replacement in hypothyroidism to restore normal hormonal balance
- B. Diminished accumulation of acid in the gastric lumen with lessened gastroesophageal reflux
- C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of ventricular arrhythmias
- D. Prevention of thrombus formation, prevention of extension of existing thrombi
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin is primarily used to diminish seizure activity and is effective in terminating ventricular arrhythmias. It works by stabilizing neuronal membranes, reducing repetitive neuronal firing, and limiting the spread of seizure activity in the brain. While phenytoin does not have a direct role in preventing thrombus formation or extending existing thrombi, it is crucial in managing seizures and certain arrhythmias.
2. While caring for a client receiving an opioid analgesic for pain management, which assessment should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Monitor the client's urinary output.
- B. Check the client's blood pressure.
- C. Assess the client for constipation.
- D. Monitor the client's respiratory rate.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the client's respiratory rate. When a client is receiving opioids, the priority assessment is the respiratory rate since opioids can lead to respiratory depression. Monitoring urinary output, blood pressure, and constipation are also important but not the priority in this scenario.
3. A client is receiving discharge instructions for a new prescription of Enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the provider include?
- A. Inject the medication into the muscle.
- B. Massage the injection site after administration.
- C. Rotate injection sites between the arms and thighs.
- D. Administer the medication in the abdomen.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer the medication in the abdomen. Enoxaparin is administered as a subcutaneous injection in the abdomen to prevent bleeding complications. Injecting into the muscle or massaging the site can increase the risk of bleeding. Rotating sites between the arms and thighs is not recommended for Enoxaparin administration due to variations in absorption rates. Therefore, the provider should instruct the client to administer Enoxaparin in the abdomen for optimal effectiveness and safety.
4. The stages of grieving identified by Elizabeth Kubler-Ross are:
- A. Numbness, anger, resolution and reorganization
- B. Denial, anger, identification, depression and acceptance
- C. Anger, loneliness, depression and resolution
- D. Denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is lactose intolerant. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse assess be?
- A. Fever
- B. Blood stools
- C. Cramping
- D. Steatorrhea
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Cramping is a common clinical manifestation of lactose intolerance due to the inability to digest lactose properly.
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