ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who has a history of atherosclerosis and notes elevated cholesterol levels. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the nurse should plan follow-up teaching on a low-cholesterol diet?
- A. “I flavor my meat with lemon juice.”
- B. “I eat two eggs for breakfast each morning.”
- C. “I cook my food with canola oil.”
- D. “I take an omega-3 supplement daily.”
Correct answer: “I eat two eggs for breakfast each morning.”
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Eggs are high in cholesterol, so someone with elevated cholesterol levels, especially with a history of atherosclerosis, should be cautious about egg consumption. Choices A, C, and D are not as concerning for cholesterol levels. Lemon juice, canola oil, and omega-3 supplements do not significantly impact cholesterol levels compared to consuming eggs regularly.
2. A nurse is planning care of an adolescent who is postoperative following a lumbar laminectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Limit the adolescent's visitors.
- B. Select the adolescent's food choices.
- C. Encourage the adolescent's guardian to assist with personal hygiene.
- D. Allow the adolescent to make decisions regarding their daily routine.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because after a lumbar laminectomy, the adolescent may need assistance with personal hygiene due to limited mobility and pain. Encouraging the guardian to assist with personal hygiene ensures proper care and prevents complications. Choice A is incorrect as limiting visitors may affect the adolescent's emotional well-being and support system. Choice B is incorrect as the adolescent should have autonomy in selecting their food choices as long as they align with their dietary restrictions post-surgery. Choice D is incorrect as the adolescent may need guidance and support in decision-making during the postoperative period.
3. What intervention would be most appropriate for a patient who has difficulty eating because of chewing problems?
- A. Use squeeze bottles to pour liquids into the mouth
- B. Provide utensils that have modified handles
- C. Offer plates with food guards
- D. Provide soft foods
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Providing soft foods is crucial for patients with chewing difficulties to ensure they can consume adequate nutrition without discomfort.
4. What is the fluid that surrounds the cells called?
- A. plasma
- B. interstitial fluid
- C. intracellular fluid
- D. edema
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is interstitial fluid. Interstitial fluid is the fluid that surrounds and fills the spaces between cells, facilitating nutrient and waste exchange. Plasma, referred to in choice A, is the liquid part of blood. Choice C, intracellular fluid, is the fluid inside cells. Choice D, edema, is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces, causing swelling.
5. One of the major differences in clinical presentation between Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is that UC is more likely to cause which clinical manifestation?
- A. Pain
- B. Rectal bleeding
- C. Perianal lesions
- D. Growth retardation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Rectal bleeding is more commonly associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) than with Crohn disease (CD). While both conditions can cause abdominal pain and growth issues, bleeding is a hallmark of UC due to its superficial mucosal inflammation. Perianal lesions are more characteristic of CD, and growth retardation is typically not a direct clinical manifestation of either CD or UC.
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