Nursing Elites

1. In the management process, the periodic checking of the results of action to make sure that it coincides with the goal of the institution is termed as:

• A. Planning
• B. Evaluating
• C. Directing
• D. Organizing

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Evaluating. Evaluating involves the periodic checking of results to ensure they align with the institution's goals. Planning (choice A) is about setting goals and determining the actions required to achieve them. Directing (choice C) involves overseeing and guiding the activities of individuals or teams to accomplish goals. Organizing (choice D) is about arranging resources and tasks to achieve objectives. In the context of the management process described, evaluating best fits the action of checking results against goals.

2. You are teaching your clients the difference between Type I (IDDM) and Type II (NDDM) diabetes. Which of the following statements is true?

• A. Both types of diabetes mellitus clients are prone to developing ketosis.
• B. Type II (NIDDM) is more common and preventable compared to Type I (IDDM) diabetes, which is genetic.
• C. Type I (IIDM) is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia.
• D. Type II (NIDDM) is characterized by abnormal immune response.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Type II diabetes (NIDDM) is characterized by insulin resistance and a relative lack of insulin. It is not primarily characterized by an abnormal immune response. Option A is incorrect because only Type I diabetes clients are prone to developing ketosis due to a lack of insulin. Option B is incorrect because while Type II diabetes is more common and often preventable through lifestyle changes, it is not solely genetic. Option C is incorrect because Type I diabetes, not Type II, is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia due to an absolute lack of insulin production.

3. What is the primary purpose of dietary fiber in the diet?

• A. Improving digestion
• B. Providing energy
• C. Aiding in the absorption of vitamins
• D. Reducing cholesterol

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The primary purpose of dietary fiber in the diet is to reduce cholesterol levels. While it does aid in digestion by promoting regular bowel movements, its main role is in lowering cholesterol. Choice A is partially correct but not the primary purpose. Choice B is incorrect as fiber is not a direct source of energy. Choice C is also incorrect as the primary role of fiber is not in the absorption of vitamins.

4. Before administration of blood and blood products, the nurse should first:

• A. Check with another R.N the client’s name, Identification number, ABO and RH type.
• B. Explain the procedure to the client
• C. Assess baseline vital signs of the client
• D. Check for the BT order

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. A nurse is caring for a client who has a body mass index (BMI) of 30. Four weeks after nutritional counseling, which of the following evaluation findings indicates the plan of care was followed?

• A. BMI of 25
• B. Weight gain of 1.8 kg
• C. BMI of 33
• D. Weight loss of 2.7 kg

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A weight loss of 2.7 kg in four weeks indicates effective adherence to a nutritional plan aimed at reducing body mass index (BMI), moving towards a healthier weight. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because a decrease in weight, as shown in choice D, is the desired outcome when managing a client with a BMI of 30 to reach a healthier range.

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