Nursing Elites

1. A client has acute dysphagia. Which of the following nursing interventions should be included in the plan of care?

• A. Providing a straw for consumption of liquids
• B. Encouraging larger bites
• C. Placing the client in semi-Fowler's position during meals
• D. Instructing the client to tilt head forward when swallowing

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Placing the client in semi-Fowler's position during meals is the correct intervention for a client with acute dysphagia. This position helps prevent aspiration by facilitating swallowing. Providing a straw for consumption of liquids (Choice A) can increase the risk of aspiration and is not recommended for clients with dysphagia. Encouraging larger bites (Choice B) can also increase the risk of choking and aspiration. Instructing the client to tilt the head forward when swallowing (Choice D) is not the recommended technique for managing dysphagia as it does not address the underlying issue effectively.

2. Name 4 of the 12 discussed groups at risk for nutritional deficiencies.

• A. Elderly
• B. Low income
• C. Vegans
• D. Chronic disease, alcoholics

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elderly. The other choices provided, low income, vegans, and chronic disease, alcoholics, are also at risk for nutritional deficiencies but the question specifically asks for 4 groups out of the 12 discussed. The 12 groups at risk for nutritional deficiencies include the elderly, low income individuals, vegans, chronic disease, alcoholics, smokers, periods of growth, individuals with medical conditions, physical stress, physiological stress, those on polypharmacy, and those with inadequate intake. The question focuses on identifying 4 out of these 12 groups, making 'Elderly' the correct choice.

3. Induction of vomiting is indicated for the accidental poisoning patient who has ingested.

• A. Rust remover C. toilet bowl cleaner
• B. Gasoline D. aspirin
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

4. A nurse is providing preventative information to a group of parents with toddlers about choking. Which food item should the nurse recommend for this age group?

• A. Banana slices
• B. Popcorn
• C. Hot dogs
• D. Carrot sticks

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Banana slices are the most suitable food option for toddlers to prevent choking. Toddlers are at a higher risk of choking due to their small airways and developing chewing abilities. Banana slices are soft, easy to chew, and less likely to cause choking compared to other options. Popcorn and hot dogs are common choking hazards for young children due to their shape and texture. While carrot sticks may be a healthy choice, they can also pose a choking risk due to their hardness and shape. Therefore, recommending banana slices to parents of toddlers is the safest choice to prevent choking incidents, making choice 'A' the correct answer. Choices 'B', 'C', and 'D' are incorrect because they can potentially cause choking in toddlers.

5. In comparison to infants born to women of normal weight, infants born to obese women are _____.

• A. less likely to have heart defects
• B. more likely to be of very low birthweight
• C. less likely to experience a complicated birth
• D. more likely to have neural tube defects

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Infants born to obese women are more likely to have neural tube defects compared to infants born to women of normal weight. This increased risk is attributed to factors such as poor maternal nutrition and increased inflammation during pregnancy. Choice A is incorrect because infants born to obese women have a higher risk of heart defects. Choice B is incorrect as infants born to obese women are more likely to have higher birthweights. Choice C is incorrect as obese women are more likely to experience complications during birth.

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