Nursing Elites

1. A group of clients is being instructed by a nurse regarding nutrition. The teaching should state that which of the following groups of foods contains the highest level of carbohydrates?

• A. Milk, eggs, and cheese
• B. Butter, oils, and avocados
• C. Rice, potatoes, and oranges
• D. Chicken, green beans, and apples

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rice, potatoes, and oranges. These foods are rich in carbohydrates. Choice A (Milk, eggs, and cheese) contains minimal carbohydrates as they are primarily sources of protein and fat. Choice B (Butter, oils, and avocados) contains very little to no carbohydrates as they are high in fats. Choice D (Chicken, green beans, and apples) also contains minimal carbohydrates, with protein and fiber being more prominent in these foods.

2. Which is NOT a classification of carbohydrate?

• A. Monosaccharides
• B. Disaccharides
• C. Polysaccharides
• D. Triglycerides

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Triglycerides. Triglycerides are a type of fat, not a carbohydrate. Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides are all classifications of carbohydrates based on the number of sugar units they contain. Monosaccharides are the simplest form with one sugar unit, disaccharides contain two sugar units, and polysaccharides have multiple sugar units linked together.

3. What is the most common nutritional disorder for the older adult?

• A. Obesity
• B. Underweight
• C. Vitamin deficiency
• D. Dehydration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Obesity. Among older adults, obesity is the most common nutritional disorder. This is often attributed to reduced physical activity levels and changes in metabolism that occur with aging. Choice B (Underweight) is less common among older adults as compared to obesity. While choices C (Vitamin deficiency) and D (Dehydration) are important nutritional issues, they are generally not as prevalent as obesity in the older adult population.

4. Hypertrophic burn scars are caused by:

• A. exaggerated contraction
• B. random layering of collagen
• C. wound ischemia
• D. delayed epithelialization

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. Which group is least susceptible to insufficient intake of protein?

• A. The elderly
• B. Individuals with low income
• C. Adults participating in endurance exercise
• D. Patients who are chronically ill

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Adults who participate in endurance exercise are typically more aware of their nutritional needs and have higher protein intake compared to other groups. The rationale behind why the other choices are incorrect is as follows: A: The elderly are often at a higher risk of insufficient protein intake due to various factors such as reduced appetite, dental issues, and decreased muscle mass. B: Individuals with low income may struggle to afford protein-rich foods, making them more susceptible to insufficient protein intake. D: Patients who are chronically ill may have specific dietary restrictions or challenges that can lead to inadequate protein consumption.

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