Nursing Elites

1. A group of clients is being instructed by a nurse regarding nutrition. The teaching should state that which of the following groups of foods contains the highest level of carbohydrates?

• A. Milk, eggs, and cheese
• B. Butter, oils, and avocados
• C. Rice, potatoes, and oranges
• D. Chicken, green beans, and apples

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rice, potatoes, and oranges. These foods are rich in carbohydrates. Choice A (Milk, eggs, and cheese) contains minimal carbohydrates as they are primarily sources of protein and fat. Choice B (Butter, oils, and avocados) contains very little to no carbohydrates as they are high in fats. Choice D (Chicken, green beans, and apples) also contains minimal carbohydrates, with protein and fiber being more prominent in these foods.

2. The recommended treatment modality in clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder is:

• A. Psychotherapy
• B. Behavior therapy
• C. Aversion therapy
• D. Psychoanalysis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The recommended treatment modality for clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder is Behavior Therapy, not Psychoanalysis. Behavior therapy, specifically exposure and response prevention, is considered the first-line treatment for OCD. This therapy focuses on changing the patterns of behavior that contribute to the disorder. Psychotherapy, although beneficial in some cases, is not as effective as behavior therapy for OCD. Aversion therapy involves associating a stimulus with a negative outcome to reduce the frequency of a specific behavior, which is not the primary approach for OCD.

3. A healthcare professional is preparing a list of resources in a community where nutritional status is significantly influenced by economics. What should the professional recommend?

• A. Public service announcement on healthy eating
• B. Educational programs on food safety
• C. The MyPyramid food guidance system
• D. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). SNAP provides financial assistance to help low-income individuals purchase food, directly addressing economic barriers to nutrition. Choices A, B, and C do not directly address the economic aspect of the community's nutritional status. A public service announcement on healthy eating may raise awareness but does not provide financial assistance. Educational programs on food safety focus on a different aspect of nutrition. The MyPyramid food guidance system is a tool for healthy eating but does not address the economic challenges faced by the community.

4. What is the purpose of a chest tube after a lobectomy procedure, as understood by the nurse?

• A. Prevent mediastinal shift
• B. Promote chest expansion of the remaining lung
• C. Drain fluids and blood accumulated post-operatively
• D. Remove the air in the lungs to promote lung expansion

Correct answer: C

Rationale: After a lobectomy, a chest tube is typically inserted to drain fluids and blood that may have accumulated post-operatively. This tube helps to prevent complications, such as infections or pneumonia, and aids in patient recovery. While a chest tube may aid in preventing a mediastinal shift (Choice A), promoting chest expansion of the remaining lung (Choice B), and removing air in the lungs to promote lung expansion (Choice D), these are not the primary reasons for its use after a lobectomy. Therefore, Choices A, B, and D are incorrect.

5. Water loss can occur from each, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Respiratory inflammation
• B. Strenuous exercise
• C. Diarrhea
• D. Perspiration

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Perspiration. Water loss can occur through respiration inflammation, strenuous exercise, and diarrhea. Perspiration, also known as sweating, is a mechanism by which the body regulates temperature and eliminates some waste products, but it is not a cause of water loss. The body loses water through sweating, but this loss is mainly for cooling purposes, and it is not a primary mechanism for water loss like respiration, exercise, or diarrhea.

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