foods or supplements that contain significant amounts of plant sterols can help lower ldl cholesterol levels by

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023 Test Bank

1. How do foods or supplements containing significant amounts of plant sterols help lower LDL cholesterol levels?

A. reducing cholesterol synthesis
B. suppressing inflammation
C. reducing blood clotting
D. interfering with cholesterol and bile absorption

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Plant sterols interfere with cholesterol and bile absorption in the intestines. This interference helps lower LDL cholesterol levels by reducing the amount of cholesterol that enters the bloodstream. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because plant sterols primarily work by interfering with cholesterol and bile absorption, not by reducing cholesterol synthesis, suppressing inflammation, or reducing blood clotting.

2. Which food items should be avoided by a child with lactose intolerance?

A. Popcorn, seeds, and any foods containing nuts.
B. Milk, cheese, ice cream, and puddings.
C. Wheat, rye, barley, and commercially baked goods.
D. Eggs, ham, bacon, and canned meats.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Milk, cheese, ice cream, and puddings should be avoided by a child with lactose intolerance because they contain lactose, which the child's body may have difficulty digesting. Option A is incorrect as popcorn, seeds, and foods containing nuts do not typically contain lactose. Option C lists wheat, rye, barley, and commercially baked goods, which are sources of gluten, not lactose. Option D includes eggs, ham, bacon, and canned meats, which are also not sources of lactose. Therefore, B is the most appropriate choice for a child with lactose intolerance.

3. A client who is experiencing dumping syndrome following gastric surgery is receiving education from a nurse. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A. I should drink additional fluids with my meals.
B. I should eat high-fiber snacks between meals.
C. I should eat a protein source with each meal.
D. I can have caffeinated beverages in small amounts.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Eating a protein source with each meal can help manage dumping syndrome by slowing gastric emptying and reducing symptoms. This choice is the most appropriate as it directly addresses a key dietary recommendation for dumping syndrome. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because drinking additional fluids with meals, eating high-fiber snacks between meals, and consuming caffeinated beverages can exacerbate dumping syndrome symptoms by increasing gastric emptying and worsening the condition.

4. A healthcare professional is preparing to remove a client’s clogged NG tube prior to re-inserting a new tube. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take first?

A. Assist the client in blowing their nose.
B. Ask the client to take a deep breath and hold it.
C. Pinch the proximal end of the tube.
D. Disconnect the tube from the suction source.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: Disconnecting the tube from the suction source is the first step in safely removing a clogged NG tube. This action helps prevent any suction-related complications and ensures a smooth transition when removing the tube. Choice A, assisting the client to blow their nose, is not necessary in this situation. Choice B, asking the client to take a deep breath and hold it, is unrelated to the process of removing a clogged NG tube. Choice C, pinching the proximal end of the tube, should only be done after disconnecting the tube from the suction source to prevent the contents from leaking.