ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023 Test Bank
1. How do foods or supplements containing significant amounts of plant sterols help lower LDL cholesterol levels?
- A. reducing cholesterol synthesis
- B. suppressing inflammation
- C. reducing blood clotting
- D. interfering with cholesterol and bile absorption
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Plant sterols interfere with cholesterol and bile absorption in the intestines. This interference helps lower LDL cholesterol levels by reducing the amount of cholesterol that enters the bloodstream. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because plant sterols primarily work by interfering with cholesterol and bile absorption, not by reducing cholesterol synthesis, suppressing inflammation, or reducing blood clotting.
2. A nurse is initiating continuous enteral feedings for a client who has a new gastrostomy tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Measure the client’s gastric residual every 12 hr.
- B. Obtain the client’s electrolyte levels every 4 hr.
- C. Keep the client’s head elevated at 15* during feedings.
- D. Flush the client’s tube with 30 mL of water every 4 hr.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Flushing the client's tube with 30 mL of water every 4 hours helps maintain tube patency and prevent blockages.
3. After 8 weeks in the neonatal intensive care unit, Chris will soon be discharged. His parents seem apprehensive and worry that he may still be in danger. What is this considered by the nurse?
- A. A common parental reaction
- B. Suggestive of maladaptation
- C. A reason to postpone discharge
- D. Suggestive of inadequate bonding
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Parents become apprehensive and worried as the time for discharge approaches, which is a common parental reaction. They often have concerns and insecurities about caring for their infant. The worry about potential dangers is a normal adaptive response reflecting the parents' concern for their child's well-being. It is essential for healthcare providers to acknowledge these feelings and support parents in gaining confidence in caring for their infant. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the parents' apprehension in this context is a typical emotional response and not indicative of maladaptation, a reason to postpone discharge, or inadequate bonding.
4. When arterial blood pressure declines, the kidneys secrete a hormone to increase blood pressure and peripheral resistance. What is this hormone called?
- A. Renin
- B. Antidiuretic hormone
- C. Atrial natriuretic
- D. Insulin
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Renin is the correct answer. When arterial blood pressure decreases, the kidneys release renin, which triggers a series of reactions ultimately leading to an increase in blood pressure and peripheral resistance. Antidiuretic hormone (choice B) is involved in water retention, atrial natriuretic hormone (choice C) promotes sodium excretion and lowers blood pressure, and insulin (choice D) regulates glucose metabolism, not blood pressure.
5. A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has pneumocystis carinii (PCP). What is the nurse’s priority assessment for this client?
- A. Skin turgor
- B. Lung sounds
- C. Radial pulses
- D. Capillary refill
Correct answer: Lung sounds
Rationale: