Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is caring for an antepartum client who has iron-deficiency anemia. When teaching the client about nutrition, the nurse should emphasize the need for an increased intake of which of the following foods?

• A. Milk and cheese
• B. Red meat and organ meat
• C. Fresh fruits
• D. Whole grain breads

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is red meat and organ meat. These foods are rich sources of heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron found in plant-based foods. Red meat and organ meat can significantly help in increasing the iron levels in individuals with iron-deficiency anemia, especially in antepartum clients. Fresh fruits, while nutritious, do not provide high amounts of iron. Milk and cheese are not the best sources of iron for individuals with iron-deficiency anemia. Whole grain breads also do not contain as much bioavailable iron as red meat and organ meat.

2. A client is following Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws. Which of the following dietary guidelines should the nurse include in the plan of care?

• A. Replace salt with pepper when seasoning food.
• B. Request that coffee is removed from meal trays.
• C. Offer pork with two meals per week.
• D. Provide a high-protein snack between meals.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Seventh-Day Adventists typically avoid stimulants like caffeine, so requesting that coffee be removed from meal trays is appropriate. Choice A is incorrect because it does not specifically relate to Seventh-Day Adventist dietary guidelines. Choice C is incorrect as pork is generally avoided in Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the specific dietary preferences of Seventh-Day Adventist clients.

3. Which of the following gauges should you prepare for spinal anesthesia if the anesthesiologist requires a pink spinal set and a blue spinal set as backup?

• A. Gauges 16 and 22
• B. Gauges 18 and 16
• C. Gauges 16 and 20
• D. Gauges 25 and 22

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition. The nurse should include that which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein?

• A. Soybeans
• B. Grains
• C. Legumes
• D. Green vegetables

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Soybeans are a good source of high-quality protein. They contain all the essential amino acids needed by the body. Grains, legumes, and green vegetables do not provide as much high-quality protein as soybeans. Grains and legumes are good sources of protein but may lack some essential amino acids, while green vegetables generally have lower protein content compared to soybeans.

5. You are on duty in the medical ward. You were asked to check the narcotics cabinet. You found out that what is on record does not tally with the drugs used. What will you do first?

• A. Write an incident report and refer the matter to the nursing director
• B. Keep your findings to yourself
• C. Report the matter to your supervisor
• D. Find out from the endorsement any patient who might have been given narcotics

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this situation, the first step should be to report the matter to your supervisor. It is essential to notify the appropriate authority immediately to address the discrepancy in the narcotics cabinet. Choice A is not the first step as reporting to the nursing director should follow after informing the supervisor. Keeping the findings to yourself (Choice B) is not appropriate as it may jeopardize patient safety and is against ethical standards. While finding out which patient received narcotics (Choice D) is important, it is not the immediate action to take in this scenario.

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