ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test A 2019
1. What are the responsibilities of a nurse towards a patient?
- A. A registered nurse is responsible for a group of patients from their admission to their discharge
- B. A registered nurse only provides care for the patient with the assistance of nursing aides
- C. A nurse's only responsibility is to perform administrative duties in a healthcare setting
- D. A nurse's only responsibility is to maintain hospital equipment
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A registered nurse is responsible for a group of patients from their admission to their discharge. This responsibility encompasses assessing patient needs, formulating care plans, administering medications, monitoring patient progress, and coordinating with other members of the healthcare team. Choice B is not entirely accurate because, even though nurses often work with nursing aides, the nurses themselves hold the ultimate responsibility for the overall care of the patient. Choices C and D are incorrect as they depict an incomplete and inaccurate representation of a nurse's role, which extends beyond administrative duties and equipment maintenance to primarily focus on direct patient care.
2. What should be the first medication given for wheezing due to an allergic reaction?
- A. Albuterol via nebulizer
- B. Cromolyn via nebulizer
- C. Methylprednisolone IV
- D. Aminophylline 500 mg IV
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Albuterol via nebulizer. Albuterol is the first-line medication for treating wheezing caused by an allergic reaction as it works as a bronchodilator, helping to relieve the symptoms of wheezing and shortness of breath quickly. Cromolyn (choice B) is used more for preventing asthma symptoms rather than for immediate relief. Methylprednisolone IV (choice C) and Aminophylline 500 mg IV (choice D) are not the first-line treatments for wheezing due to an allergic reaction.
3. You are working on a burns unit, and one of your acutely ill patients is exhibiting signs and symptoms of third spacing. Based on this change in status, you should expect the patient to exhibit signs and symptoms of what imbalance?
- A. Metabolic alkalosis
- B. Hypermagnesemia
- C. Hypercalcemia
- D. Hypovolemia
Correct answer: Hypovolemia
Rationale: Third spacing refers to the loss of fluid from the intravascular space into the interstitial or third space, leading to a decrease in circulating blood volume. This condition results in hypovolemia, which is characterized by decreased blood volume. Metabolic alkalosis, hypermagnesemia, and hypercalcemia are not directly associated with third spacing. Metabolic alkalosis is an acid-base imbalance, hypermagnesemia is an excess of magnesium in the blood, and hypercalcemia is an excess of calcium in the blood, none of which are the primary concerns in cases of third spacing.
4. A male patient receiving androgen therapy is concerned about the risk of prostate cancer. What should the nurse explain about this risk?
- A. Finasteride has been shown to lower the risk of developing prostate cancer.
- B. Finasteride does not affect the risk of prostate cancer, so regular screening is unnecessary.
- C. Finasteride may increase the risk of developing prostate cancer, so regular screenings are recommended.
- D. Finasteride has no effect on the risk of prostate cancer, so regular screenings are unnecessary.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Finasteride has been shown to lower the risk of developing prostate cancer. However, regular screenings are still recommended to monitor for any potential issues. Choice B is incorrect because finasteride has been associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer, making regular screenings important. Choice C is incorrect as finasteride is not known to increase the risk of developing prostate cancer. Choice D is incorrect as finasteride has shown a protective effect against prostate cancer, but regular screenings are still necessary to ensure early detection and monitoring.
5. The Food Fortification Act of 2000 provides for the mandatory fortification of staple foods, including:
- A. Flour with iron
- B. Cooking oil with vitamin A
- C. Refined sugar with iron
- D. Rice with vitamin A
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Food Fortification Act of 2000 mandates the fortification of staple foods. In this case, flour is fortified with iron according to this act. Therefore, the correct choice is A: 'Flour with iron.'