ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A nurse is caring for an 8-month-old infant who screams when the parent leaves the room. The parent begins to cry and says, 'I don't understand why my child is so upset. I've never seen my child act this way around others before.' Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. This is a normal, expected reaction for a child of this age.
- B. This is a response to an overstimulating environment.
- C. This is a common reaction to an overexposure to caregivers.
- D. This is a typical reaction for a child who is sick.
Correct answer: This is a normal, expected reaction for a child of this age.
Rationale: The correct answer is 'This is a normal, expected reaction for a child of this age.' Separation anxiety typically peaks around 8-10 months of age, leading to distress when separated from caregivers. Choice B is incorrect because the infant's behavior is more likely due to separation anxiety rather than overstimulation. Choice C is incorrect as the infant's behavior is not related to overexposure to caregivers but rather a natural developmental stage. Choice D is incorrect as the infant's behavior is not indicative of illness but rather a normal emotional response.
2. Which dietary information should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a school-age child with chronic renal failure?
- A. High in sodium
- B. Low in Vitamin D
- C. Low in phosphorus
- D. Supplementation of vitamins C, E, K
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A low-phosphorus diet is recommended for children with chronic renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia, which can lead to bone disease and other complications. Phosphorus is found in many processed foods and should be limited. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because high sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and hypertension, while Vitamin D supplementation and vitamins C, E, K are not specifically indicated for dietary recommendations in chronic renal failure.
3. A healthcare provider is reviewing the medical record of a client who has schizophrenia and is taking clozapine. Which finding should the healthcare provider identify as a contraindication to the administration of clozapine?
- A. Heart rate 58/min.
- B. Fasting blood glucose 100 mg/dL.
- C. Hgb 14 g/dL.
- D. WBC count 2,900/mm3.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: a low WBC count. Clozapine can suppress bone marrow function, leading to a decreased white blood cell count. This condition, known as agranulocytosis, increases the risk of severe infections. Monitoring WBC counts is essential during clozapine therapy. Choices A, B, and C are within normal ranges and are not contraindications for administering clozapine.
4. To prevent injury and strain on the muscles, the nurse should observe proper body mechanics. Among the following, which is a principle of proper body mechanics?
- A. Broaden the space between the feet
- B. Push instead of pull
- C. Move the object away from the body when lifting
- D. Bend at the waist, not on the knees
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
5. Which client is at highest risk of compromised immunity?
- A. A client who just had surgery
- B. A client who just delivered a baby
- C. A client with extreme anxiety
- D. A client who is awaiting surgery
Correct answer: A client who just had surgery
Rationale:
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