ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Test
1. What is the first step in decontamination?
- A. Immediately applying a chemical decontamination foam to the area of contamination
- B. Thoroughly washing and rinsing the patient with soap and water
- C. Immediately applying personal protective equipment
- D. Removing the patient's clothing and jewelry, then rinsing the patient with water
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct first step in decontamination is to remove the patient's clothing and jewelry to prevent further exposure and then rinse the patient with water. This helps to eliminate any contaminants on the patient's body. Choice A is incorrect because applying a chemical decontamination foam should come after removing clothing. Choice B is incorrect as washing and rinsing the patient should follow the removal of clothing. Choice C is incorrect as personal protective equipment should be worn by the individual performing the decontamination, not applied to the patient.
2. All of the following interventions are correct when using the Z-track method of drug injection except:
- A. Prepare the injection site with alcohol
- B. Use a needle that is at least 1” long
- C. Aspirate for blood before injection
- D. Rub the site vigorously after the injection to promote absorption
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When using the Z-track method of drug injection, it is important to prepare the injection site with alcohol to ensure cleanliness, use a needle that is at least 1” long to reach the muscle tissue, and aspirate for blood before injection to verify correct needle placement. However, rubbing the site vigorously after the injection is not recommended as it can cause medication to leak into subcutaneous tissue, compromising the medication's intended absorption and efficacy.
3. Which best describes the social determinants of health?
- A. Factors such as genetics and individual behavior
- B. Conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age
- C. Availability of health services and technology
- D. Access to health care services
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The social determinants of health refer to the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age, impacting their health outcomes. These factors include social, economic, and environmental influences that play a crucial role in shaping health disparities and overall well-being.
4. What causes secondary brain injury after head trauma?
- A. Brain injury resulting from the body’s response to tissue damage
- B. Brain injury resulting from initial trauma
- C. Injury as a result of medical therapy
- D. Focal areas of bleeding
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Secondary brain injury occurs due to the body's response to the initial trauma, which can worsen the effects of the primary injury. This response includes processes like inflammation, increased intracranial pressure, and reduced oxygen delivery to tissues. Choice B is incorrect because it refers to the primary trauma itself, not the secondary injury. Choice C is incorrect as it relates to injury caused by medical interventions rather than the body's response. Choice D is incorrect as it specifically mentions focal areas of bleeding, which is a consequence of trauma rather than the cause of secondary brain injury.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer verapamil to a client who is 2 days postmyocardial infarction. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following outcomes as a therapeutic response to the medication?
- A. Decreased blood pressure
- B. Decreased anginal pain
- C. Decreased heart rate
- D. Decreased anxiety
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decreased anginal pain. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker used to relieve angina by reducing myocardial oxygen demand. Monitoring for decreased anginal pain is essential as it indicates a therapeutic response to the medication. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as verapamil's primary goal in this context is not to decrease blood pressure, heart rate, or anxiety.