Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is caring for a client with a thiamine deficiency. Which assessment findings will the nurse expect?

• A. Tachycardia, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination
• B. Swollen lips, cracks in the corners of the mouth, and glossitis
• C. Neuropsychiatric symptoms of delusions and hallucinations
• D. Scaly rash on arms, dementia, and diarrhea

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Thiamine deficiency, also known as Vitamin B1 deficiency, can present with various symptoms. Tachycardia, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination are classic signs of thiamine deficiency due to its role in energy metabolism. Swollen lips, cracks in the corners of the mouth, and glossitis are more indicative of a deficiency in riboflavin (Vitamin B2). Neuropsychiatric symptoms of delusions and hallucinations are characteristic of niacin (Vitamin B3) deficiency. A scaly rash on the arms, dementia, and diarrhea are not typically associated with thiamine deficiency. Therefore, the correct assessment findings for a client with thiamine deficiency are tachycardia, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination.

2. If the child does not have ear problem, using IMCI, what should you as the nurse do?

• A. Check for ear discharge
• B. Check for tender swellings behind the ear
• C. Check for ear pain
• D. Go to the next question, check for malnutrition

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

3. How long can Vitamin A be stored in the liver for at least?

• A. 1 month.
• B. 6 months.
• C. 1 year.
• D. 18 months.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Vitamin A can be stored in the liver to meet basic needs for at least 1 year. This storage capacity allows the body to have a reserve of Vitamin A to sustain its needs over an extended period. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they underestimate the storage capacity of Vitamin A in the liver, which can last longer than these durations.

4. Each of the following accurately describes features of MyPlate except one. Which one is the exception?

• A. MyPlate replaces the well-known food guide, MyPyramid.
• B. The interactive website is intended to help consumers apply personalized dietary guidance.
• C. Whereas MyPyramid was more specific in many areas, MyPlate provides more general information.
• D. Foods providing similar types of nutrients are grouped together and emphasize proportionality of food selections.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because MyPlate actually provides more specific guidance compared to MyPyramid. MyPlate was designed to simplify the dietary recommendations for consumers by focusing on a visual representation of a plate divided into food groups, making it easier to understand and apply. Choices A, B, and D accurately describe features of MyPlate: replacing MyPyramid, providing personalized dietary guidance through an interactive website, and grouping foods with similar nutrients while emphasizing proportionality of food selections.

5. Each of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin except for one. Which is the exception?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Vitamin C. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, not fat-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins are Vitamins A, D, E, and K. These vitamins are stored in the body's fat tissues and liver, unlike water-soluble vitamins which are not stored and are eliminated in urine, making them less likely to reach toxic levels.

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