ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Test
1. When assessing Richard for chest percussion or chest vibration and postural drainage, Mario would focus on the following EXCEPT:
- A. Amount of food and fluid taken during the last meal before treatment
- B. Respiratory rate, breath sounds, and location of congestion
- C. Teaching the client's relatives to perform the procedure
- D. Doctor's order regarding position restrictions and client's tolerance for lying flat
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because when assessing Richard for chest percussion or chest vibration and postural drainage, Mario would focus on various aspects such as the amount of food and fluid taken before treatment to prevent complications during the procedure, teaching the client's relatives to perform the procedure correctly, and following the doctor's orders regarding position restrictions and the client's tolerance for lying flat. Respiratory rate, breath sounds, and location of congestion would be assessed during the procedure itself, not as part of the pre-assessment.
2. Which of the following is not a desirable blood lipid value?
- A. low total cholesterol
- B. high LDL
- C. high HDL
- D. low blood triglycerides
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. High levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol are undesirable as they are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, low total cholesterol (choice A), high HDL (choice C), and low blood triglycerides (choice D) are considered desirable blood lipid values. Low total cholesterol is beneficial as high levels can increase the risk of heart disease. High HDL cholesterol is considered good as it helps remove LDL cholesterol from the arteries. Low blood triglycerides are also preferred as high levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.
3. The nurse is administering activated charcoal to a preschool child with acetaminophen (Tylenol) poisoning. What potential complications from the use of activated charcoal should the nurse plan to assess for?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Vomiting
- C. All are correct
- D. Intestinal obstruction
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Common complications of activated charcoal administration include diarrhea and vomiting. Intestinal obstruction can occur if the charcoal forms a mass in the intestines. Fluid retention is less likely and not typically a complication associated with activated charcoal.
4. What information should a working mother who wants to continue breastfeeding her infant by occasionally pumping milk ahead of time be given to help her successfully maintain breastfeeding?
- A. Breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days
- B. Breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months
- C. Heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality
- D. Breast milk can be expressed either by hand or with an electric pump
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. This information is crucial as it informs the mother of her options for expressing milk, which is the first step in being able to store and later feed it to her child while she's away at work. Choice A has been corrected to state that breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days, providing a more accurate storage timeframe. Choice B has been revised to indicate that breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months, aligning with the recommended storage duration. Choice C now highlights that heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality, emphasizing the importance of using proper methods for warming breast milk and avoiding potential harm to the baby's health and well-being.
5. A child diagnosed with a soft tissue tumor is being treated with chemotherapy. Prior to administering the chemotherapy, which laboratory test should the nurse monitor to determine if the child has any capability of fighting infections?
- A. Hemoglobin
- B. Red blood cell count
- C. Platelets
- D. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) is crucial for determining the child's ability to fight infections. Neutrophils play a key role in combating bacterial infections. Monitoring the ANC is essential before administering chemotherapy, as a low ANC indicates an increased risk of infection. Hemoglobin, red blood cell count, and platelets are important for assessing oxygen-carrying capacity, anemia, and clotting function, respectively, but they do not directly reflect the child's capability to fight infections.