a nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes what is the most important aspect of teaching the nurse should focus on

ATI RN

ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

1. A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. What is the most important aspect of teaching the nurse should focus on?

A. The importance of regular exercise
B. Proper administration of insulin
C. Maintaining a low-carbohydrate diet
D. Recognizing signs of hyperglycemia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Proper administration of insulin is crucial for clients with type 1 diabetes as they are dependent on insulin for blood glucose control.

2. A healthcare professional is assessing a client who is recovering from a lung biopsy. Which assessment finding requires immediate action?

A. Increased temperature
B. Absent breath sounds
C. Productive cough
D. Incisional discomfort

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Absent breath sounds may indicate a pneumothorax, a serious complication post lung biopsy. This condition requires immediate attention to prevent respiratory distress.

3. A client with tuberculosis (TB) is taking isoniazid (INH). Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include?

A. Take the medication with food to avoid stomach upset.
B. Avoid exposure to sunlight while taking this medication.
C. Report any numbness or tingling in extremities.
D. Have liver function tests done regularly.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Regular monitoring of liver function tests is crucial for clients taking isoniazid (INH) due to the potential risk of hepatotoxicity. Isoniazid can cause liver damage, and early detection through routine liver function tests can help prevent severe complications.

4. A client presents to the emergency department with an acute myocardial infarction (MI) at 1500 (3:00 PM). The facility has 24-hour catheterization laboratory capabilities. To meet The Joint Commission's Core Measures set, by what time should the client have a percutaneous coronary intervention performed?

A. 1530 (3:30 PM)
B. 1600 (4:00 PM)
C. 1630 (4:30 PM)
D. 1700 (5:00 PM)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The Joint Commission's Core Measures set for MI includes percutaneous coronary intervention within 90 minutes of the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Since the client presented at 1500 (3:00 PM), the percutaneous coronary intervention should be performed no later than 1630 (4:30 PM), to adhere to the 90-minute timeline for optimal outcomes.

5. How does the pain of a myocardial infarction (MI) differ from stable angina?

A. Accompanied by shortness of breath
B. Feelings of fear or anxiety
C. Lasts about 3-5 minutes
D. Relieved by taking nitroglycerin

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The pain of an MI is often accompanied by shortness of breath and feelings of fear or anxiety. It typically lasts longer than 15 minutes and is not relieved by nitroglycerin. Unlike stable angina, the pain of an MI occurs without a known cause such as exertion.