a nurse is caring for a client who is taking lisinopril which of the following outcomes indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication

ATI RN

Proctored Pharmacology ATI

1. A client is taking lisinopril. Which of the following outcomes indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication?

A. Decreased blood pressure
B. Increase in HDL cholesterol
C. Prevention of bipolar manic episodes
D. Improved sexual function

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The therapeutic effect of lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, is indicated by a decrease in blood pressure. Lisinopril works by relaxing blood vessels, leading to a reduction in blood pressure. Monitoring and achieving a decrease in blood pressure is a key outcome when managing hypertension with lisinopril. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because lisinopril is not intended to increase HDL cholesterol, prevent bipolar manic episodes, or improve sexual function. Therefore, the correct outcome indicating the therapeutic effect of lisinopril is a decrease in blood pressure.

2. A client has a new prescription for Ramelteon and is receiving teaching from a nurse. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods while taking this medication?

A. Baked potato
B. Fried chicken
C. Whole-grain bread
D. Citrus fruits

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fried chicken. High-fat foods like fried chicken can prolong the absorption of Ramelteon, potentially reducing its effectiveness. It is important to avoid such foods to ensure the medication works as intended.

3. What is the antidote for Heparin?

A. Protamine sulfate
B. Vitamin K
C. Naloxone
D. Toradol

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Protamine sulfate. Heparin is an anticoagulant that prevents blood clotting. Protamine sulfate is the antidote for Heparin as it binds to heparin, neutralizing its anticoagulant effects. Vitamin K is not the antidote for Heparin; it is used to reverse the effects of warfarin, another anticoagulant. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist for opioids, and Toradol is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for pain relief. Therefore, the correct antidote for Heparin is Protamine sulfate.

4. When teaching a client about preventing Otitis Externa, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. Clean the ear with a cotton-tipped swab daily.
B. Place earplugs in the ears when sleeping at night.
C. Use a cool water irrigation solution to remove earwax.
D. Tip the head to the side to remove water from the ears after showering.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To prevent Otitis Externa, the nurse should instruct the client to tip the head to the side to allow water to drain out after showering or swimming. This helps to prevent moisture buildup in the ear canal, reducing the risk of developing Otitis Externa, commonly known as swimmer's ear.

5. Which of the following drugs is associated with hepatitis as a reaction?

A. Valproic acid
B. Quinidine
C. Isoniazid
D. Ethosuximide

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Hepatitis is a known side effect of isoniazid. It is important to monitor patients on isoniazid for signs of liver damage, including hepatitis, as part of their treatment regimen for tuberculosis.