ATI RN
ATI Comprehensive Exit Exam 2023 With NGN
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving TPN. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent infection?
- A. Change the TPN tubing every 72 hours.
- B. Monitor the client's blood glucose every 4 hours.
- C. Monitor the client's urine output every 8 hours.
- D. Use sterile technique when changing the central line dressing.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Use sterile technique when changing the central line dressing.' When caring for a client receiving TPN, it is crucial to maintain aseptic technique to prevent infections. Changing the central line dressing with sterile technique helps reduce the risk of introducing pathogens into the client's system. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because changing the TPN tubing every 72 hours, monitoring blood glucose, and monitoring urine output are important aspects of care but are not directly related to preventing infection in clients receiving TPN.
2. The nurse is teaching the family of a child with a long-term central venous access device about signs and symptoms of bacteremia. What finding indicates the presence of bacteremia?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Pain at the entry site
- C. Fever and general malaise
- D. Redness and swelling at the entry site
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Fever and general malaise are systemic signs of bacteremia, indicating that the infection may have spread beyond the local entry site. Localized pain, redness, and swelling are signs of a localized infection but do not necessarily indicate bacteremia.
3. When starting therapy with Atenolol, which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor?
- A. Tachycardia
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypertension
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Atenolol, a beta-blocker, can lead to bradycardia as an adverse effect due to its mechanism of action. The nurse should advise the client to monitor their pulse regularly, as a significant decrease may indicate bradycardia, a condition characterized by a slow heart rate.
4. Which of the following cardiac valves prevents blood from returning to the left ventricle of the heart?
- A. pulmonic
- B. mitral
- C. tricuspid
- D. aortic
Correct answer: aortic
Rationale: The correct answer is the aortic valve. The aortic valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta, preventing the backflow of blood into the left ventricle once it has been pumped out during systole. Choice A, pulmonic, is incorrect as it is associated with the right side of the heart. Choice B, mitral, is incorrect as it is the valve between the left atrium and ventricle. Choice C, tricuspid, is incorrect as it is located between the right atrium and ventricle.
5. A client is starting therapy with paclitaxel. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Neutropenia
- D. Urinary retention
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Neutropenia is a common adverse effect of paclitaxel due to bone marrow suppression. Clients should be instructed to monitor for signs of infection and report any symptoms such as fever, chills, or sore throat immediately to their healthcare provider.
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