ATI RN
ATI Exit Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 hours postoperative following a cholecystectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent postoperative complications?
- A. Instruct the client to perform deep breathing and coughing exercises.
- B. Have the client wear sequential compression devices (SCDs).
- C. Place the client in a supine position with the head of the bed flat.
- D. Encourage the client to ambulate every 2 hours.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Have the client wear sequential compression devices (SCDs). Following a cholecystectomy, the client is at risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to reduced mobility and surgical stress. SCDs help prevent VTE by promoting venous return and reducing the risk of blood clots. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. While deep breathing and coughing exercises are essential postoperatively, SCDs take precedence in preventing VTE. Placing the client in a supine position with the head of the bed flat can increase the risk of respiratory complications. Encouraging ambulation is important, but SCDs are a higher priority in this situation to prevent VTE.
2. While a team effort is necessary in the operating room (OR) for efficient and quality patient care delivery, the number of people in the room should be limited for infection control purposes. Which roles comprise this team?
- A. Surgeon, anesthesiologist, scrub nurse, radiologist, orderly
- B. Surgeon, assistants, scrub nurse, circulating nurse, anesthesiologist
- C. Surgeon, assistant surgeon, anesthesiologist, scrub nurse, pathologist
- D. Surgeon, assistant surgeon, anesthesiologist, intern, scrub nurse
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The roles typically present in an operating room team include the surgeon, assistants (which may include an assistant surgeon), scrub nurse, circulating nurse, and anesthesiologist. These roles are directly involved in the operation and patient care. Choice B is correct. Choice A includes a radiologist and an orderly, who are not typically part of the immediate surgical team in the OR. Choice C includes a pathologist, who usually works in a laboratory outside of the OR. Choice D includes an intern, who may or may not be part of the team, depending on the specific circumstances and hospital policy. These explanations make choices A, C, and D incorrect.
3. A 5-year-old male presents with low-set ears, a fish-shaped mouth, and involuntary rapid muscular contraction. Laboratory testing reveals decreased calcium levels. Which of the following diagnoses is most likely?
- A. B cell deficiency
- B. T cell deficiency
- C. Combined immunodeficiency
- D. Complement deficiency
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: T cell deficiency. The symptoms described in the case, including low-set ears, a fish-shaped mouth, involuntary rapid muscular contraction, and decreased calcium levels, are indicative of DiGeorge syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by T cell deficiency due to thymic hypoplasia. B cell deficiency (Choice A), combined immunodeficiency (Choice C), and complement deficiency (Choice D) do not align with the clinical presentation and laboratory findings provided in the case. Therefore, T cell deficiency is the most likely diagnosis in this scenario.
4. One of the first steps in community assessment may involve the community health nurse driving or walking through an area and making observations about such things as environmental layout and location of agencies, hospitals, industries, and so forth. This is called a(n):
- A. Census survey.
- B. Needs survey.
- C. Informant survey.
- D. Windshield survey.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A windshield survey involves observations made from a moving vehicle, allowing the community health nurse to gather information about the community's physical and social environment without direct interaction. This method helps in understanding the community's resources, potential hazards, and overall characteristics, which are essential for planning and implementing effective community health interventions.
5. A healthcare provider is teaching a client who has a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which of the following instructions should the healthcare provider include?
- A. Take this medication with meals.
- B. Take this medication at the same time every day.
- C. Report any chest pain to your healthcare provider immediately.
- D. Take an antacid if indigestion occurs.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed levothyroxine is to take the medication at the same time every day. This consistency is important for maintaining stable thyroid hormone levels. Choice A is incorrect because levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach to ensure proper absorption. Choice C is important but not directly related to the administration of levothyroxine. Choice D is incorrect as antacids can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine.
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