ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024
1. A client with a UTI and a history of recurrent infections asks why the provider has not yet prescribed an antibiotic. The nurse should explain that the provider has to wait for the results of which of the following laboratory tests to identify which antibiotic to prescribe?
- A. Gram stain
- B. Culture
- C. Sensitivity
- D. Specific gravity
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In the case of a UTI, a sensitivity test is crucial as it identifies the most effective antibiotic to target the specific microorganism causing the infection. This test helps in prescribing the appropriate antibiotic for successful treatment and preventing antibiotic resistance. While a Gram stain and culture are important in diagnosing a UTI, the sensitivity test specifically determines the most suitable antibiotic. Specific gravity, on the other hand, is not related to identifying the appropriate antibiotic for a UTI.
2. Which statement made by the patient demonstrates an understanding of the treatment of choice for patients managing the effects of traumatic events?
- A. I attend my therapy sessions regularly.
- B. Those intrusive memories are hidden for a reason and should stay hidden.
- C. Keeping busy is the key to achieving mental health.
- D. I've agreed to move in with my parents so I'll get the support I need.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Regular attendance at therapy sessions is a crucial aspect of the recommended treatment for managing the effects of traumatic events. Therapy provides a safe space for individuals to process their experiences, develop coping strategies, and work towards healing and recovery. Consistent participation in therapy sessions can help patients address and overcome the impact of trauma on their mental health.
3. The client on spironolactone should avoid which of the following?
- A. Foods high in potassium
- B. Foods high in sodium
- C. Foods high in calcium
- D. Foods high in chloride
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Foods high in potassium. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning it helps the body retain potassium and excrete sodium. Consuming foods high in potassium while on spironolactone can lead to an excess of potassium in the body, potentially causing hyperkalemia. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because spironolactone does not directly interact with sodium, calcium, or chloride in a way that would require specific dietary restrictions related to these minerals.
4. A nurse is assisting with the development of an informed document for participation in a research study. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. A statement that participants can leave the study at will.
- B. An assignment of the participant to either the experimental or control group.
- C. A list of the clients participating in the study.
- D. A description of the framework the researchers will use to evaluate the data.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'A statement that participants can leave the study at will.' This information is crucial to include in the informed document to ensure that participants are aware of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without any negative consequences. Choice B is incorrect because participants should not be assigned to experimental or control groups without their knowledge and consent. Choice C is incorrect because disclosing a list of clients participating in the study violates confidentiality. Choice D is incorrect as the description of the data evaluation framework is important but not as critical as ensuring participants know they can leave the study at will.
5. Why is epidemiologic data useful in the planning phase of the community assessment process?
- A. Help discover the patterns of health and illness distribution in a population.
- B. Help construct benchmarks to gauge achievement of program objectives.
- C. Identify the population at risk.
- D. Explain the nature of the health problem.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Epidemiologic data are valuable in the planning phase of community assessment as they provide insights into the distribution of health and illness within a population. By analyzing these patterns and trends, healthcare professionals can better understand the health needs of the community and tailor interventions accordingly. This information serves as a foundation for identifying priority areas and developing effective strategies to address health issues.
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