ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment A
1. A healthcare provider orders a medication dose three times higher than usual. What is the nurse's first step?
- A. Administer the medication but monitor the patient closely.
- B. Verify the dosage with the prescribing provider.
- C. Administer a lower dose to minimize the risk.
- D. Hold the medication and wait for further clarification.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Verify the dosage with the prescribing provider. When faced with an unusual medication dose, the nurse's initial action should be to confirm the order with the healthcare provider who prescribed it. This step is crucial to prevent medication errors and ensure patient safety. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because administering the medication without clarification, administering a lower dose without approval, or holding the medication without consulting the provider can all pose risks to the patient's well-being.
2. Which action is an example of primary prevention?
- A. Administering immunizations to prevent disease
- B. Providing treatment for acute illnesses
- C. Conducting health screenings
- D. Offering rehabilitation services
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Administering immunizations to prevent disease is a clear example of primary prevention. Primary prevention focuses on preventing diseases before they occur by implementing measures such as vaccinations to reduce the risk of illness in individuals and communities.
3. A healthcare professional is caring for a client who has a sodium level of 125 mEq/L (136 to 145 mEq/L). Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional expect?
- A. Positive Chvostek's sign
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Numbness of the extremities
- D. Abdominal cramping
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A sodium level of 125 mEq/L indicates hyponatremia, which can lead to abdominal cramping. Abdominal cramping is a common symptom of hyponatremia due to an imbalance in electrolytes. While other options like Chvostek's sign, bradycardia, and numbness of the extremities can be associated with other electrolyte imbalances, they are not typically seen with low sodium levels. Chvostek's sign is related to hypocalcemia, bradycardia can be seen in hyperkalemia, and numbness of the extremities can be a symptom of hypocalcemia or hypokalemia, but not directly related to hyponatremia.
4. A client with chronic kidney disease is being taught by a nurse about managing protein intake. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. You should increase your intake of high-protein foods.
- B. You should limit your intake of high-protein foods.
- C. You should avoid all protein sources to prevent further kidney damage.
- D. You should increase your intake of animal protein.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'You should limit your intake of high-protein foods.' Clients with chronic kidney disease should restrict their intake of high-protein foods to lessen the workload on the kidneys and prevent further kidney damage. Option A is incorrect as increasing intake of high-protein foods can exacerbate the condition. Option C is incorrect as avoiding all protein sources is not advisable, as some proteins are essential for overall health. Option D is incorrect as increasing the intake of animal protein can put more strain on the kidneys due to the metabolites produced during protein breakdown.
5. During a well-child visit, a nurse is assessing a three-year-old toddler. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Blood pressure 90/50
- B. Respiratory rate 45/min
- C. Weight 14.5 kg or 32 lb
- D. Heart rate 110/min
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A respiratory rate of 45/min is above the expected reference range for a 3-year-old toddler and may indicate respiratory dysfunction or acute respiratory distress. It is essential for the nurse to report this finding promptly to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and intervention.
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