ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A nurse at a provider’s office is providing teaching to a client who is taking chemotherapy and losing weight. Which of the following should the nurse recommend to increase calorie and protein intake? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Top yogurt with fruits.
- B. Add cream to soups.
- C. Use milk instead of water in recipes.
- D. Increase fluids during meals.
Correct answer: Increase fluids during meals.
Rationale: The correct recommendation to increase calorie and protein intake for a client taking chemotherapy and losing weight is to add cream to soups (choice B), as it provides additional calories and proteins. Using milk instead of water in recipes (choice C) can also increase the calorie and protein content. Topping yogurt with fruits (choice A) can be a healthy choice but may not significantly increase calorie and protein intake. Increasing fluids during meals (choice D) may fill up the stomach, potentially reducing the intake of solid foods, which is not ideal when trying to increase calorie and protein consumption.
2. The nurse manager can use several strategies to improve communication when giving directions. Asking the subordinate to repeat the instructions would be which of the following strategies?
- A. Verifying through feedback
- B. Follow-up communication
- C. Getting positive attention
- D. Knowing the context of the instruction
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Asking the subordinate to repeat the instructions is a strategy known as verifying through feedback. This approach ensures that the receiver has understood the request correctly. Choice B, 'Follow-up communication,' refers to checking in after the initial communication, not necessarily asking for repetition. Choice C, 'Getting positive attention,' is unrelated to confirming understanding. Choice D, 'Knowing the context of the instruction,' deals with understanding the background or reasons behind the instructions, not confirming comprehension.
3. What recommendations should the nurse provide to a patient diagnosed with GERD?
- A. Avoid items like mint that increase gastric acid secretion
- B. Eat small, frequent meals
- C. Avoid eating 1 hour before bedtime
- D. Avoid black and red pepper
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Avoid items like mint that increase gastric acid secretion.' Mint can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to increased gastric acid secretion and worsening GERD symptoms. Choice B is a good recommendation for GERD management as it helps prevent excessive stomach distension. Choice C is also a recommended practice to avoid reflux during sleep. Choice D, avoiding black and red pepper, is not directly linked to exacerbating GERD symptoms, so it is not the most relevant recommendation for a patient diagnosed with GERD.
4. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a male client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Insert the catheter until urine flows, then advance 2.5 to 5 cm (1 to 2 in) further.
- B. Advance the catheter 7.5 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in) after urine begins to flow.
- C. Advance the catheter 17 to 22.5 cm (7 to 9 in) after urine begins to flow.
- D. Advance the catheter 5 to 7.5 cm (2 to 3 in) after urine begins to flow.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When inserting an indwelling urinary catheter for a male client, it is crucial to advance the catheter 17 to 22.5 cm after urine begins to flow. This helps ensure proper placement in the male urethra, which is longer compared to females. Choice A is incorrect as advancing only 2.5 to 5 cm would not reach the correct placement in male clients. Choice B is incorrect as advancing 7.5 to 10 cm is insufficient to reach the appropriate location in male clients. Choice D is also incorrect as advancing 5 to 7.5 cm would likely not reach the desired placement in male clients.
5. A healthcare provider is assessing a client who is receiving chemotherapy and reports mouth sores. Which of the following findings should the healthcare provider expect?
- A. Dry, cracked lips.
- B. Red, swollen gums.
- C. White patches on the tongue.
- D. Pale, dry mouth.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: White patches on the tongue are a sign of oral candidiasis, a common side effect of chemotherapy. This fungal infection can result in the development of white patches on the tongue. Dry, cracked lips (choice A) are more indicative of dehydration or lack of moisture. Red, swollen gums (choice B) may be a sign of gingivitis or periodontal disease. Pale, dry mouth (choice D) is not typically associated with mouth sores from chemotherapy.
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