Nursing Elites

1. A child with ear problem should be assessed for the following, EXCEPT:

• A. is there any fever?
• B. Ear discharge
• C. If discharge is present for how long?
• D. Ear pain

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

2. Which consumption pattern of fermentable carbohydrate is considered most cariogenic?

• A. A single exposure to a large quantity
• B. A single exposure to a small quantity
• C. Multiple exposures of small quantities
• D. Multiple exposures followed by chewing sugarless gum

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Multiple exposures of small quantities are considered most cariogenic. The total amount of dietary fermentable carbohydrate seems to matter less than the form and frequency in which it is consumed. Having multiple exposures of even small quantities of fermentable carbohydrate throughout the day promotes a highly cariogenic environment in the mouth. Choices A and B, involving single exposures, are less cariogenic as they do not sustain the fermentation process over time. Choice D suggests a beneficial practice by chewing sugarless gum after exposures, which can reduce the risk, making it less cariogenic compared to multiple exposures of small quantities.

3. An advance directive known as a durable power of attorney involves appointing another person called a(n) _____ to act as the decision maker in the event of the patient's incapacitation.

• A. witness
• B. primary caregiver
• C. health care agent
• D. state proxy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'health care agent.' A health care agent is appointed through a durable power of attorney to make medical decisions on behalf of a patient who becomes incapacitated. The term 'witness' (choice A) is incorrect because a witness only observes the signing of the directive and does not make decisions. 'Primary caregiver' (choice B) is also incorrect as they may provide care but are not necessarily legally empowered to make decisions. 'State proxy' (choice D) is not commonly used in the context of advance directives or health care decision making, making it an incorrect choice.

4. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate after a total thyroidectomy?

• A. Place pillows under your patient’s shoulders.
• B. Raise the knee-gatch to 30 degrees
• C. Keep you patient in a high-fowler’s position.
• D. Support the patient’s head and neck with pillows and sandbags.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

5. Which term is used to describe medical practices that have been thoroughly evaluated using scientific methods?

• A. Meta-analysis
• B. Systematic reviews
• C. Evidence-based
• D. Observational studies

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Evidence-based.' Evidence-based practices refer to medical practices that have been thoroughly evaluated and supported by scientific research. Meta-analysis (A) involves statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple studies. Systematic reviews (B) are comprehensive reviews that synthesize evidence from multiple studies. Observational studies (D) are research methods where researchers observe subjects in their natural environment.

Similar Questions