ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test B 2019
1. A patient following a vegetarian diet might be at risk for deficiency in which nutrient?
- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin B12
- C. Vitamin A
- D. Vitamin D
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products, so vegetarians may need supplementation.
2. Which list contains fatty acids that reduce cardiovascular disease risk?
- A. omega 3, trans fatty acids, saturated fatty acids
- B. EPA and DHA
- C. omega 6, omega 3, partially hydrogenated oil
- D. omega 3, EPA, saturated fatty acids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), both omega-3 fatty acids, are known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about food choices with the mother of an 8-month-old infant. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will give my child strained carrots and mashed egg yolks.
- B. I will give my child rice cereal and crackers.
- C. I will give my child pureed liver and strained pears.
- D. I will give my child applesauce and green peas.
Correct answer: I will give my child rice cereal and crackers.
Rationale: Choice B, 'I will give my child rice cereal and crackers,' indicates a need for further teaching. Infants should not be given crackers at 8 months of age due to the risk of choking. Rice cereal is appropriate for infants, but it should be introduced carefully to avoid digestive issues. Choices A, C, and D are appropriate food choices for an 8-month-old infant, providing a variety of nutrients and textures suitable for their age and developmental stage.
4. In which condition is underconsumption of fat not a concern?
- A. Malabsorption syndromes
- B. Cystic fibrosis
- C. AIDS
- D. Hypertension
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hypertension. Hypertension is not typically associated with underconsumption of fat; instead, it is more related to the consumption of excess fat, especially saturated and trans fats, which can contribute to increased blood pressure. Malabsorption syndromes, cystic fibrosis, and AIDS are conditions where underconsumption of fat can be a concern due to various reasons such as malabsorption issues, pancreatic insufficiency, or increased energy needs.
5. Which nutrient is most important for maintaining fluid balance in the body?
- A. Protein
- B. Sodium
- C. Calcium
- D. Vitamin C
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Sodium plays a key role in maintaining fluid balance and regulating blood pressure.