ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023
1. Which of the following nutrients deficiency may lead to a diabetes-like condition?
- A. chromium
- B. iron
- C. molybdenum
- D. selenium
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Chromium is essential for proper glucose metabolism. A deficiency in chromium can result in insulin resistance, which shares similarities with diabetes. Iron, molybdenum, and selenium deficiencies do not directly lead to a diabetes-like condition. Iron deficiency causes anemia, molybdenum deficiency is rare and can lead to specific metabolic issues, and selenium deficiency may result in thyroid problems but not a diabetes-like condition.
2. Why is atherosclerosis dangerous to arterial function?
- A. It diminishes central circulation
- B. It causes decreased blood pressure on artery walls
- C. It narrows the arterial lumen so a clot can easily block it
- D. It increases arterial elasticity
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Atherosclerosis is dangerous to arterial function because it narrows the arterial lumen, increasing the risk of a clot completely blocking the blood flow. This can lead to severe cardiovascular events such as heart attacks or strokes. Choice A is incorrect since atherosclerosis does not primarily diminish central circulation, but rather, it impedes local blood flow where the plaque is present. Choice B is also incorrect as atherosclerosis increases the pressure on artery walls due to the narrowed space for blood flow, not decrease it. Lastly, choice D is incorrect as atherosclerosis causes the arteries to lose their elasticity, not increase it.
3. When administering Tapazole, The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effect?
- A. Hyperthyroidism
- B. Hypothyroidism
- C. Drowsiness
- D. Seizure
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
4. Which meal should be removed for a client taking warfarin?
- A. Oriental cabbage salad with chicken
- B. Beef enchilada, rice, and beans
- C. Ham and cheese sandwich
- D. Macaroni salad and grapefruit slices
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct meal to remove for a client taking warfarin is the 'Ham and cheese sandwich.' Ham is high in vitamin K, which can interfere with the effectiveness of warfarin, a medication that works by decreasing the clotting ability of the blood. Vitamin K can counteract the effects of warfarin by promoting blood clotting. Choices A, B, and D do not contain high amounts of vitamin K and are therefore safer options for individuals taking warfarin.
5. How is the stomach protected from damage by gastric acid?
- A. enzymes present in the stomach
- B. a protective bacteria in the stomach
- C. bicarbonate present in the stomach
- D. the mucus lining of the stomach
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The stomach is protected from gastric acid by a thick mucus lining that acts as a physical barrier, preventing the acid from eroding the stomach walls. Enzymes in the stomach help with digestion but do not play a significant role in protecting the stomach from acid damage, so choice A is incorrect. While some bacteria in the stomach can be beneficial, they do not primarily protect the stomach from gastric acid, making choice B incorrect. Bicarbonate, a base, can neutralize acid, but it is not the primary defense mechanism against gastric acid in the stomach, so choice C is also incorrect.
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