Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a client who has vitamin A deficiency. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend the best source of vitamin A?

• A. 1 small baked sweet potato
• B. 1 cup avocado
• C. 1 cup green beans
• D. 1 large apple

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sweet potatoes are rich in beta-carotene, which the body converts into vitamin A, essential for vision and immune function.

2. A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?

• A. Encourage the client to participate in developing a system of rewards.
• B. Arrange for someone to remain with the client for 30 min after meals
• C. Offer the client a selection of beverages at each meal.
• D. Inform the client that a weight gain of 2.3 kg per week is expected.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging the client to participate in developing a system of rewards can help motivate and engage them in their treatment plan.

3. A nurse is initiating continuous enteral feedings for a client who has a new gastrostomy tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Measure the client’s gastric residual every 12 hr.
• B. Obtain the client’s electrolyte levels every 4 hr.
• C. Keep the client’s head elevated at 15* during feedings.
• D. Flush the client’s tube with 30 mL of water every 4 hr.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Flushing the client's tube with 30 mL of water every 4 hours helps maintain tube patency and prevent blockages.

4. A client is prescribed a 1500 calorie diet. Thirty percent of the calories are to be derived from fat. How many grams of fat should the nurse tell the client to consume per day? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

• A. 21
• B. 49
• C. 60
• D. 50

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To calculate the grams of fat: 1500 calories x 30% = 450 calories from fat. Since 1 gram of fat = 9 calories, 450 / 9 = 50 grams of fat.

5. A nurse is assessing a client who reports muscle spasms in his calves and tingling in his hands. The client indicates consuming a low intake of milk products and green leafy vegetables. The nurse should identify that the client's findings indicate a deficiency in which of the following sources of nutrition?

• A. Iron
• B. Omega 3 fatty acids
• C. Vitamin C
• D. Calcium

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Calcium deficiency is indicated by muscle spasms and tingling, and is common with low intake of milk products and green leafy vegetables.

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