ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Proctored Exam
1. A charge nurse is recommending postpartum client discharge following a local disaster. Which of the following should the nurse recommend for discharge?
- A. A 42-year-old client who has preeclampsia and a BP of 166/110 mm Hg
- B. A 15-year-old client who delivered via emergency cesarean birth 1 day ago
- C. A client who received 2 units of packed RBCs 6 hr ago for a postpartum hemorrhage
- D. A client who delivered precipitously 36 hr ago and has a second-degree perineal laceration
Correct answer: A client who delivered precipitously 36 hr ago and has a second-degree perineal laceration
Rationale: The most appropriate client to recommend for discharge following a local disaster in the postpartum unit is the one who delivered precipitously 36 hours ago and has a second-degree perineal laceration. This client's condition is stable enough for discharge, and the timing and extent of the perineal laceration are within expectations for a safe discharge. Clients with conditions such as preeclampsia, recent emergency cesarean birth, or recent administration of packed RBCs for postpartum hemorrhage require further monitoring and care before being considered for discharge.
2. Dr. Bigelow is interested in studying musical prodigies. Which method is best suited for this type of research?
- A. naturalistic observation
- B. clinical interview
- C. case study
- D. structured interview
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A case study would be the best method for Dr. Bigelow to study musical prodigies. In a case study, the researcher can closely examine and analyze the unique characteristics, abilities, and behaviors of individual subjects. This method allows for in-depth exploration of a specific phenomenon, making it ideal for investigating exceptional cases such as musical prodigies. Naturalistic observation involves observing subjects in their natural environment without interference, which may not provide the detailed insights needed for studying musical prodigies. Clinical interviews focus on gathering information through structured questioning, not ideal for studying unique talents. Structured interviews involve asking a set of predetermined questions, which may not allow for the depth of exploration required for studying musical prodigies.
3. A nurse is discussing organ donation with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. To donate organs, a client must provide consent prior to death
- B. The transplant team will harvest the organs for donation from the donor client
- C. During admission, all clients over the age of 18 should be asked about their organ donor status
- D. The National Organ Transplant Act prohibits the sale and purchase of organs
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Asking clients over 18 about their organ donation status upon admission is essential to ensure their wishes are respected. Option A is incorrect because organ donation requires consent, not harvesting. Option B is incorrect because the transplant team, not the donor client's provider, is responsible for organ retrieval. Option D is incorrect because the National Organ Transplant Act prohibits the commercialization of organ transactions, not their donation.
4. What should a healthcare provider teach a patient who has experienced an acute episode of gastritis?
- A. Avoid foods high in potassium
- B. Avoid foods high in sodium
- C. Increase exercise to reduce stress
- D. Drink milk as a snack
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid foods high in potassium. During an acute episode of gastritis, it is advisable to avoid foods high in potassium as they can exacerbate symptoms. Potassium-rich foods may irritate the stomach lining, leading to increased discomfort. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding foods high in sodium is not specifically related to managing gastritis. Increasing exercise to reduce stress is a good general recommendation but not directly related to managing gastritis symptoms. Drinking milk as a snack is not recommended for gastritis as dairy products can sometimes worsen symptoms due to their fat content.
5. Which of the following measures is not recommended to prevent pressure ulcers?
- A. Massaging the reddened area with lotion
- B. Using a water or air mattress
- C. Adhering to a schedule for positioning and turning
- D. Providing meticulous skin care
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Massaging a reddened area can cause further tissue damage by increasing pressure on already compromised skin. The other options, such as using specialized mattresses, adhering to repositioning schedules, and maintaining good skin care, are all recommended strategies to prevent pressure ulcers by reducing pressure and friction on vulnerable areas of the skin.
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