ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals
1. A nurse is orienting a newly licensed nurse on performing a routine assessment of a client who is receiving mechanical ventilation via an endotracheal tube. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Apply a vest restraint if self-extubation is attempted.
- B. Monitor ventilator settings every 8 hours.
- C. Document tube placement in centimeters at the angle of the jaw.
- D. Assess breath sounds every 1 to 2 hours.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Assessing breath sounds every 1 to 2 hours is crucial in monitoring the client's respiratory status and identifying any potential complications promptly. Monitoring ventilator settings every 8 hours is important for overall ventilation management. Documenting the endotracheal tube placement accurately is essential to ensure proper positioning. Using a vest restraint if self-extubation is attempted is not a recommended intervention as it can lead to complications and should be avoided.
2. Which of the following substances increase the amount of urine produced?
- A. Caffeine-containing drinks, such as coffee and cola
- B. Beets
- C. Urinary analgesics
- D. Kaolin with pectin (Kaopectate)
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Caffeine is a diuretic, which means it increases urine production by promoting the excretion of water from the body through the kidneys. Therefore, substances like caffeine-containing drinks, such as coffee and cola, can lead to an increase in the amount of urine produced.
3. What is the intended outcome for the treatment of glaucoma?
- A. Improve the vision of the eye
- B. Strengthen the muscles of the eye
- C. Lower the intraocular pressure
- D. Dry up excess secretions
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lower the intraocular pressure. The primary objective of treating glaucoma is to reduce intraocular pressure to prevent further vision loss. Choice A, 'Improve the vision of the eye,' is incorrect because while treatment may prevent vision loss, it does not necessarily improve vision. Choice B, 'Strengthen the muscles of the eye,' is incorrect as glaucoma primarily involves the optic nerve and not muscle weakness. Choice D, 'Dry up excess secretions,' is not related to the treatment goal of glaucoma which is focused on managing intraocular pressure.
4. A client on bed rest complains of pain and burning in the right calf area. What is the nurse’s action?
- A. Deeply palpate the area for rebound tenderness
- B. Medicate the client for pain and reassess in 60 minutes
- C. Percuss over the area for a change in tone
- D. Compare the circumference to the left calf
Correct answer: Compare the circumference to the left calf
Rationale:
5. Which of the following did Freud believe played a causal role in the development of most forms of psychopathology?
- A. Anxiety
- B. Depression
- C. Unresolved conflicts between the ego and the superego
- D. Fixation in the oral stage
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Freud believed that anxiety was a primary causal factor in the development of most forms of psychopathology. Anxiety, according to Freud, arises from conflicts within the mind, particularly conflicts between the id, ego, and superego. This unresolved conflict can lead to various psychological issues. While depression can be a symptom of psychopathology, Freud emphasized anxiety as a more foundational element. Unresolved conflicts between the ego and the superego are related to Freud's structural model of the mind but are not the primary causal factor in psychopathology. Fixation in the oral stage is a concept from Freud's psychosexual stages of development and is not directly linked to the causal role in the development of most forms of psychopathology.
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