Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following converts starch to disaccharides, and this reaction occurs in the _____?

• A. pancreatic amylases, small intestine
• B. brush border enzymes, small intestine
• C. luminal enzymes, large intestine
• D. pancreatic amylases, pancreas

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Pancreatic amylases break down starch into disaccharides in the small intestine. This process occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine or pancreas. Brush border enzymes act on disaccharides to break them down into monosaccharides, while luminal enzymes are not specifically involved in the conversion of starch to disaccharides.

2. The GAUGE size in ET tubes determines:

• A. The external circumference of the tube
• B. The internal diameter of the tube
• C. The length of the tube
• D. The tube’s volumetric capacity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

3. The PACU nurse will maintain postoperative T and A client in what position?

• A. Supine with neck hyperextended and supported with pillow
• B. Prone with the head on pillow and turned to the side
• C. Semi-fowler’s with neck flexed
• D. Reverse trendelenburg with extended neck

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. A client with a body mass index of 28 is seeking dietary advice. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Encourage the client to continue their current daily caloric intake.
• B. Recommend a total fiber intake of 12g per day.
• C. Advise the client to add 500 calories per day to their diet.
• D. Refer the client to a weight-loss support group.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Referring the client to a weight-loss support group is the most appropriate action for a client with a body mass index of 28. This action can provide the necessary support, guidance, and motivation to help the client achieve their weight loss goals. Encouraging the client to continue their current daily caloric intake (Choice A) may not address the need for weight loss. Recommending a total fiber intake of 12g per day (Choice B) is important for overall health but may not directly address weight loss. Advising the client to add 500 calories per day to their diet (Choice C) would not be beneficial for weight loss in this scenario.

5. How many diet-related major risk factors for coronary heart disease does Mrs. Winslow have?

• A. 1
• B. 4
• C. 2
• D. 3

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Mrs. Winslow has four major diet-related risk factors for coronary heart disease: high total cholesterol, high LDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol. Choice A is incorrect because there are more than one risk factor present. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not account for the total number of diet-related major risk factors identified.

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