Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following converts starch to disaccharides, and this reaction occurs in the _____?

• A. pancreatic amylases, small intestine
• B. brush border enzymes, small intestine
• C. luminal enzymes, large intestine
• D. pancreatic amylases, pancreas

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Pancreatic amylases break down starch into disaccharides in the small intestine. This process occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine or pancreas. Brush border enzymes act on disaccharides to break them down into monosaccharides, while luminal enzymes are not specifically involved in the conversion of starch to disaccharides.

2. What is the function of the gallbladder?

• A. to store bile
• B. to produce bile
• C. to digest bile
• D. to modify bile to a liquid form

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "to store bile." The gallbladder acts as a reservoir for bile produced by the liver. It releases bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. Choice B is incorrect because the liver produces bile, not the gallbladder. Choice C is incorrect as the gallbladder does not digest bile but stores and releases it for digestion. Choice D is incorrect because bile is already in liquid form; the gallbladder does not modify it to a liquid state.

3. During which phase of the therapeutic relationship should the nurse inform the patient about the termination of therapy?

• A. Pre-orientation
• B. Orientation
• C. Working
• D. Termination

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Termination'. This phase of the therapeutic relationship is when the nurse informs the patient about the conclusion of therapy. It is during this phase that the nurse and the patient review the goals and progress made and also discuss the upcoming termination. The other phases are not the appropriate times for discussing termination. 'Pre-orientation' is the phase before the nurse-patient relationship is established; 'Orientation' is when the nurse and patient get to know each other and set goals; and 'Working' is when these goals are pursued. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect.

4. Which foods increase iron absorption when consumed with nonheme iron? (SATA)

• A. Kiwi
• B. Strawberries
• C. Coffee
• D. A, B

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Kiwi and strawberries are high in vitamin C, which increases iron absorption.

5. What percentage of body weight as fat does a woman with a healthy body composition typically average?

• A. 5%
• B. 15%
• C. 25%
• D. 35%

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A healthy body fat percentage for women typically ranges between 21% and 33%, with 25% being an average healthy body fat percentage. Choice A (5%) is too low for a healthy body fat percentage and is more in line with essential body fat levels. Choice B (15%) is also lower than the typical range for a healthy body fat percentage. Choice D (35%) is too high and would be considered high body fat for women.

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