Nursing Elites

1. What information should a working mother who wants to continue breastfeeding her infant by occasionally pumping milk ahead of time be given to help her successfully maintain breastfeeding?

• A. Breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days
• B. Breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months
• C. Heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality
• D. Breast milk can be expressed either by hand or with an electric pump

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. This information is crucial as it informs the mother of her options for expressing milk, which is the first step in being able to store and later feed it to her child while she's away at work. Choice A has been corrected to state that breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days, providing a more accurate storage timeframe. Choice B has been revised to indicate that breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months, aligning with the recommended storage duration. Choice C now highlights that heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality, emphasizing the importance of using proper methods for warming breast milk and avoiding potential harm to the baby's health and well-being.

2. Which of the following should a patient with a history of chronic pancreatitis avoid?

• A. Low-fat dairy
• B. Lean meats
• C. High-fiber vegetables
• D. Alcohol

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Alcohol. Alcohol consumption can exacerbate chronic pancreatitis due to its detrimental effects on the pancreas. Conversely, options A, B, and C: Low-fat dairy, Lean meats, and High-fiber vegetables, are generally recommended for patients with chronic pancreatitis. These dietary options are easier on the pancreas and less likely to provoke symptoms. Therefore, they are incorrect choices in this context.

3. A nurse is completing a nutritional assessment of an adult female client. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is at an increased risk of developing cancer?

• A. Eats at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables daily.
• B. Eats 6 servings of whole grains daily.
• C. Limits alcohol consumption to 2 drinks per day.
• D. Limits red meat intake to 3oz per day.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because limiting alcohol consumption to 2 drinks per day is still above the recommended limit for reducing cancer risk. The recommended limit for women is 1 drink per day to lower the risk of developing cancer. Choices A, B, and D are not indicative of an increased risk of developing cancer as they all align with a healthy diet and lifestyle, which can actually help reduce the risk of cancer.

4. A client has acute dysphagia. Which of the following nursing interventions should be included in the plan of care?

• A. Providing a straw for consumption of liquids
• B. Encouraging larger bites
• C. Placing the client in semi-Fowler's position during meals
• D. Instructing the client to tilt head forward when swallowing

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Placing the client in semi-Fowler's position during meals is the correct intervention for a client with acute dysphagia. This position helps prevent aspiration by facilitating swallowing. Providing a straw for consumption of liquids (Choice A) can increase the risk of aspiration and is not recommended for clients with dysphagia. Encouraging larger bites (Choice B) can also increase the risk of choking and aspiration. Instructing the client to tilt the head forward when swallowing (Choice D) is not the recommended technique for managing dysphagia as it does not address the underlying issue effectively.

5. When doing an initial assessment, the best way for you to identify the client’s priority problem is to:

• A. Interview the client for chief complaints and other symptoms
• B. Talk to the relatives to gather data about history of illness
• C. Do auscultation to check for chest congestion
• D. Do a physical examination while asking the client relevant questions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

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