a nurse teaches a client who is being discharged home with a peripherally inserted central catheter picc which statement should the nurse include in

ATI RN

ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation

1. A nurse teaches a client who is being discharged home with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Which statement should the nurse include in this clients teaching?

A. avoid carrying your grandchild with the arm that has the central catheter.
B. Be sure to place the arm with the central catheter in a sling during the day
C. Flush the peripherally inserted central catheter line with normal saline daily.
D. You can use the arm with the central catheter for most activities of daily living.

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

2. Place a washcloth between the skin and tourniquet

A. Provide a bed bath instead of letting the client take a shower
B. Use sterile technique when changing the dressing.
C. Disconnect the intravenous fluid tubing prior to the clients bath.
D. Use a plastic bag to cover the extremity with the device

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

3. A nurse is caring for clients with electrolyte imbalances on a medical-surgical unit. Which clinical manifestations are correctly paired with the contributing electrolyte imbalance? (Select all that do not apply.)

A. Hypokalemia Flaccid paralysis with respiratory depression
B. Hyperphosphatemia Paresthesia with sensations of tingling and numbness
C. . Hyponatremia Decreased level of consciousness
D.

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

4. A nurse in the medical-surgical unit is giving a patient with low blood pressure a hypertonic solution, which will increase the number of dissolved particles in his blood, creating pressure for fluids in the tissues to shift into the capillaries and increase the blood volume. Which of the following terms is associated with this process?

A. Hydrostatic pressure
B. Osmosis and osmolality
C. Diffusion
D. Active transport

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Osmosis is the movement of fluid from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration across a semipermeable membrane. The number of dissolved particles contained in a unit of fluid determines the osmolality of a solution, which influences the movement of fluid between the fluid compartments. Giving a patient who has low blood pressure a hypertonic solution will increase the number of dissolved particles in the blood, creating pressure for fluids in the tissues to shift into the capillaries and increase the blood volume. Option A is incorrect; hydrostatic pressure refers to changes in water or volume related to water pressure. Option C is incorrect; diffusion is the movement of solutes from an area of greater concentration to lesser concentration. The solutes in an intact vascular system are unable to move, so diffusion should not normally take place. Option D is incorrect; active transport is the movement of molecules against the concentration gradient and requires ATP as an energy source. This process typically takes place at the cellular level and is not involved in vascular volume changes.

5. The healthcare professional working in the PACU is aware that which of the following procedures may contribute to extracellular losses?

A. Removal of an ingrown toenail
B. Tooth extraction
C. Abdominal surgery
D. Cataract surgery

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fluid loss from the extracellular compartment can be caused by abdominal surgery as it involves opening the abdominal cavity, potentially leading to significant fluid losses. Choices A, B, and D do not typically result in substantial extracellular losses compared to abdominal surgery.