you are the nurse caring for a patient who is to receive iv daunorubicin a chemotherapeutic agent you start the infusion and check the insertion site

ATI RN

ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation

1. You are the nurse caring for a patient who is to receive IV daunorubicin, a chemotherapeutic agent. You start the infusion and check the insertion site as per protocol. During your most recent check, you note that the IV has infiltrated so you stop the infusion. What is your main concern with this infiltration?

A. Extravasation of the medication
B. Discomfort to the patient
C. Blanching at the site
D. Hypersensitivity reaction to the medication

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

2. You are working on a burns unit, and one of your acutely ill patients is exhibiting signs and symptoms of third spacing. Based on this change in status, you should expect the patient to exhibit signs and symptoms of what imbalance?

A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypovolemia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When a patient exhibits signs and symptoms of third-spacing, where fluid moves out of the intravascular space but not into the intracellular space, hypovolemia is expected. This leads to a decreased circulating blood volume. Increased calcium and magnesium levels are not typically associated with third-spacing fluid shift. Burns usually result in acidosis rather than alkalosis, making metabolic alkalosis an incorrect choice. Therefore, hypovolemia is the correct answer in this scenario.

3. 1.A nurse prepares to insert a peripheral venous catheter in an older adult client. Which action should the nurse take to protect the clients skin during this procedure?

A. Lower the extremity below the level of the heart.
B. Apply warm compresses to the extremity.
C. Tap the skin lightly and avoid slapping.
D. Place a washcloth between the skin and tourniquet

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

4. What is the function of aldosterone?

A. Regulates body temperature.
B. Decreases blood pressure.
C. Increases sodium reabsorption.
D. Promotes water excretion.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Aldosterone increases the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys, which leads to an increase in blood volume and blood pressure. Choice A is incorrect as aldosterone does not regulate body temperature. Choice B is incorrect as aldosterone increases blood pressure by increasing sodium reabsorption. Choice D is incorrect as aldosterone promotes water retention by increasing sodium reabsorption.