ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has just had a central venous access line inserted. Which action should the nurse take next?
- A. Begin the prescribed infusion via the new access
- B. Ensure an x-ray is completed to confirm placement.
- C. Check medication calculations with a second RN.
- D. Make sure the solution is appropriate for a central line
Correct answer: Ensure an x-ray is completed to confirm placement.
Rationale:
2. Which best describes a primary prevention strategy in community health?
- A. Providing immunizations
- B. Conducting health screenings
- C. Offering rehabilitation services
- D. Providing treatment for acute illnesses
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing immunizations. This is a primary prevention strategy that focuses on preventing diseases before they occur. Immunizations help build immunity against specific diseases, reducing the likelihood of infection and transmission within the community. This proactive approach is essential in promoting public health and preventing the spread of communicable diseases.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has fibromyalgia and requests pain medication. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
- A. Pregabalin
- B. Lorazepam
- C. Colchicine
- D. Codeine
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pregabalin. Pregabalin is a first-line medication for treating pain in clients with fibromyalgia. It works by decreasing the number of pain signals sent out by damaged nerves. Choice B, Lorazepam, is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and not indicated for fibromyalgia pain. Choice C, Colchicine, is used to treat gout by reducing inflammation and not indicated for fibromyalgia. Choice D, Codeine, is an opioid analgesic that is not typically recommended for fibromyalgia due to concerns about tolerance and dependence.
4. What is the primary nursing intervention for a patient experiencing hypoglycemia?
- A. Administer IV fluids
- B. Check blood sugar levels
- C. Provide oral glucose
- D. Recheck blood sugar levels in 15 minutes
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to recheck blood sugar levels in 15 minutes. This intervention is crucial to ensure that the hypoglycemia has been effectively corrected after the initial treatment. Administering IV fluids may be necessary in cases of severe dehydration but is not the primary intervention for hypoglycemia. Checking blood sugar levels is important, but the primary intervention should focus on treating the low blood sugar levels first, which is done by providing oral glucose. However, the most critical step after providing initial treatment is to recheck blood sugar levels to confirm that they have improved to safe levels.
5. After a 7-year-old with acute diarrhea has been rehydrated with oral rehydration solutions, what type of diet should the nurse recommend following rehydration?
- A. Regular diet
- B. Fruit juices
- C. High carbohydrate diet
- D. BRAT diet (bananas, rice, apples, and toast or tea)
Correct answer: A
Rationale: After rehydration, a regular diet is generally recommended to ensure proper nutrition and recovery. A regular diet includes a balanced intake of all food groups and nutrients. Fruit juices may be too high in simple sugars and lack necessary nutrients, which can exacerbate diarrhea. While a high carbohydrate diet may be beneficial in some cases, a regular diet is more comprehensive. The BRAT diet, consisting of bananas, rice, apples, and toast or tea, was previously recommended for diarrhea, but it lacks adequate protein and fat, so a regular diet is now preferred for overall better nutrition and recovery.
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