ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. A nurse assesses a client who is prescribed a medication that inhibits aldosterone secretion and release. For which potential complications should the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Urine output of 25 mL/hr
- B. Serum potassium level of 5.4 mEq/L
- C. Blood osmolality of 250 mOsm/L
- D.
Correct answer: Urine output of 25 mL/hr
Rationale:
2. Which of the following types of leadership behaviors would be most useful when managing a staff of newly trained CNAs (Certified Nursing Assistants)?
- A. Achievement-oriented
- B. Supportive
- C. Participative
- D. Directive
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The most useful type of leadership behavior when managing a staff of newly trained CNAs (Certified Nursing Assistants) would be directive. Directive leadership involves giving specific guidance, ensuring adherence to rules and procedures, scheduling work efforts, and clearly telling employees what is expected. This approach is particularly beneficial for newly trained staff who may require clear instructions and guidance. - Achievement-oriented leadership focuses on setting challenging goals and encouraging employees to reach their highest potential. While this can be beneficial in some situations, it may not be the most suitable for managing newly trained CNAs who require more guidance and direction. - Supportive leadership involves providing emotional support, encouragement, and assistance to employees. While emotional support is essential in any work environment, newly trained CNAs may benefit more from clear direction and guidance. - Participative leadership involves involving employees in decision-making processes. While this can promote employee engagement and empowerment, newly trained CNAs may require more structured guidance and direction to ensure they understand their roles and responsibilities.
3. Which of the following steps occurs first during hemostasis?
- A. Vascular spasm
- B. Platelet plug
- C. Coagulation
- D. Dissolution of the clot
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Vascular spasm is the initial step in hemostasis, where blood vessels constrict to reduce blood flow to the injured area. This constriction helps limit blood loss until further steps like platelet plug formation and coagulation can take place. Platelet plug formation and coagulation occur after the vascular spasm, making them incorrect choices. Dissolution of the clot happens much later in the healing process, after the injury has sufficiently healed.
4. Given that orthodontic patients are frequently adolescents, their nutrition and oral self-care are often subpar. A dental hygienist may successfully motivate these noncompliant patients by emphasizing that optimal nutrition and oral self-care can enhance their appearance. Is this true or false?
- A. Both statements are true
- B. Both statements are false
- C. The first statement is true; the second is false
- D. The first statement is false; the second is true
Correct answer: A: Both statements are true
Rationale: Both statements are indeed true. Many adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment often neglect proper nutrition and oral hygiene, leading to subpar practices in these areas. It's common for them to be less attentive to these aspects due to various factors. A dental hygienist's role includes motivating these patients towards better self-care practices. One effective approach is by emphasizing that good nutrition and oral hygiene can significantly enhance their appearance. This approach is particularly effective for adolescents as they are often highly conscious about their looks. The other choices are incorrect because they suggest that one or both of the statements are false, which is not the case.
5. Striving for continuity is essential for attaining Erikson's sense of __________, which depends on preserving a sense of personal history.
- A. intimacy
- B. ego identity
- C. ego integrity
- D. initiative
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'ego integrity.' Erikson's concept of ego integrity involves reflecting on life with a sense of satisfaction, which requires continuity in personal history. This sense of integrity is developed in late adulthood and is characterized by a feeling of wholeness and fulfillment. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Intimacy (choice A) relates to forming close relationships, ego identity (choice B) pertains to a stable sense of self, and initiative (choice D) is about being proactive and exploring the environment, which are not directly associated with preserving personal history for a sense of satisfaction in later life.
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