Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is instructing a group of clients regarding calcium-rich foods. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the teaching as the best source of calcium?

• A. 1?2 cup ice cream
• B. 1 ounce Swiss cheese
• C. 1 cup milk
• D. 1 cup cottage cheese

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cottage cheese is the best source of calcium among the options provided. It is rich in calcium and provides a significant amount per serving. 1 cup of cottage cheese contains more calcium compared to 1?2 cup of ice cream, 1 ounce of Swiss cheese, or 1 cup of milk. Ice cream is not a significant source of calcium and is often high in sugar and fat. Swiss cheese and milk contain calcium, but cottage cheese has a higher calcium content per serving, making it the best choice for meeting calcium needs.

2. To prevent baby bottle tooth decay, what should the nurse instruct?

• A. Water
• B. Milk
• C. Iron-fortified formula
• D. Unsweetened fruit juice

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Water. Water is the best choice to prevent baby bottle tooth decay as it does not cause tooth decay and is a good option for bedtime bottles. Milk (choice B) and iron-fortified formula (choice C) contain sugars that can contribute to tooth decay. Unsweetened fruit juice (choice D) also contains natural sugars that can be harmful to the baby's teeth.

3. A nurse is preparing to administer a gavage feeding via a nasogastric tube to a preterm newborn who is receiving supplemental oxygen. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Stabilize the tube with tape to the newborn’s cheek.
• B. Remove supplemental oxygen during the feeding.
• C. Measure the stomach aspirate prior to the feeding.
• D. Place the newborn on their left side for 30 minutes after the feeding.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Measuring the stomach aspirate prior to the feeding is crucial to ensure the correct placement and function of the nasogastric tube. This step helps prevent complications such as aspiration or improper feeding. Choice A is incorrect as stabilizing the tube with tape to the newborn’s cheek can cause discomfort and skin irritation. Choice B is incorrect because removing supplemental oxygen during the feeding may compromise the newborn's respiratory status. Choice D is incorrect because placing the newborn on their left side for 30 minutes after the feeding is not a standard practice and is unnecessary for administering gavage feeding.

4. The recommended treatment modality in clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder is:

• A. Psychotherapy
• B. Behavior therapy
• C. Aversion therapy
• D. Psychoanalysis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The recommended treatment modality for clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder is Behavior Therapy, not Psychoanalysis. Behavior therapy, specifically exposure and response prevention, is considered the first-line treatment for OCD. This therapy focuses on changing the patterns of behavior that contribute to the disorder. Psychotherapy, although beneficial in some cases, is not as effective as behavior therapy for OCD. Aversion therapy involves associating a stimulus with a negative outcome to reduce the frequency of a specific behavior, which is not the primary approach for OCD.

5. A client receiving continuous enteral tube feeding reports cramping and abdominal distention. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Check for gastric residual.
• B. Apply low intermittent suction.
• C. Increase the rate of the feeding.
• D. Request a higher-fat formula.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When a client on continuous enteral tube feeding experiences cramping and abdominal distention, the nurse should check for gastric residual. This assessment helps determine if the client is tolerating the feeding well or if there is a potential issue such as feeding intolerance. Applying low intermittent suction, increasing the feeding rate, or requesting a higher-fat formula are not appropriate actions for addressing the reported symptoms and may exacerbate the client's discomfort or lead to further complications.

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